योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-12, verse-40

पदमतुलमुपैतुमिच्छतोच्चैः प्रथममियं मतिरेव लालनीया ।
फलमभिलषता कृषीवलेन प्रथमतरं ननु कृष्यते धरैव ॥ ४० ॥

padamatulamupaitumicchatoccaiḥ prathamamiyaṃ matireva lālanīyā ,
phalamabhilaṣatā kṛṣīvalena prathamataraṃ nanu kṛṣyate dharaiva 40

40. padam atulam upaitum icchataḥ uccaiḥ
prathamam iyam matiḥ eva lālanīyā
phalam abhilaṣatā kṛṣīvalena
prathamataram nanu kṛṣyate dharā eva

40. uccaiḥ atulam padam upaitum icchataḥ
iyam matiḥ eva prathamam lālanīyā
nanu phalam abhilaṣatā kṛṣīvalena
prathamataram dharā eva kṛṣyate

40. For one who wishes to attain an exalted, unequalled state (pada), this mind (mati) must first indeed be cherished. Surely, just as by a farmer desiring fruit, the earth (dharā) is cultivated first.

Words meanings summery:

• पदम् (padam) - state, goal (state, position, step, foot, goal, word)

• अतुलम् (atulam) - unequalled, incomparable, unique

• उपैतुम् (upaitum) - to approach, to attain, to reach

• इच्छतः (icchataḥ) - of one wishing, of one desiring

• उच्चैः (uccaiḥ) - exalted (modifying the state) (highly, greatly, upwards, loudly, exalted)

• प्रथमम् (prathamam) - first, firstly, primarily

• इयम् (iyam) - this (feminine)

• मतिः (matiḥ) - mind, intellect (mind, intellect, thought, intention, wisdom (mati))

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, certainly

• लालनीया (lālanīyā) - to be cherished, to be nurtured (to be cherished, to be fostered, to be indulged)

• फलम् (phalam) - fruit, result, consequence

• अभिलषता (abhilaṣatā) - by the one desiring (fruit) (by one desiring, by one wishing)

• कृषीवलेन (kṛṣīvalena) - by the farmer

• प्रथमतरम् (prathamataram) - first of all, primarily (comparative of 'prathama' used as superlative)

• ननु (nanu) - indeed, surely (indeed, surely, certainly, is it not?)

• कृष्यते (kṛṣyate) - is ploughed, is cultivated

• धरा (dharā) - earth, ground, land

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, certainly

Words meanings and morphology

पदम् (padam) - state, goal (state, position, step, foot, goal, word)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pada

pada - step, foot, position, state, goal, word

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Object of 'upaitum'.

अतुलम् (atulam) - unequalled, incomparable, unique

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of atula

atula - unequalled, incomparable, unique, without measure

Compound of 'a' (not) and 'tula' (equal).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+tula)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• tula – equal, balance, comparison
  noun (feminine)

Note: Agrees with 'padam'.

उपैतुम् (upaitum) - to approach, to attain, to reach

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of upai

Infinitive

From root 'i' (to go) with prefix 'upa'.

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Used with 'icchataḥ'.

इच्छतः (icchataḥ) - of one wishing, of one desiring

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of icchat

icchat - wishing, desiring

Present Active Participle

From root 'iṣ' (to wish, desire)

Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Used as a substantive, 'of a person wishing'.

उच्चैः (uccaiḥ) - exalted (modifying the state) (highly, greatly, upwards, loudly, exalted)

(indeclinable)

प्रथमम् (prathamam) - first, firstly, primarily

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prathama

prathama - first, foremost, primary

इयम् (iyam) - this (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Agrees with 'matiḥ'.

मतिः (matiḥ) - mind, intellect (mind, intellect, thought, intention, wisdom (mati))

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mati

mati - mind, intellect, thought, intention, wisdom (mati)

From root 'man' (to think).

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'lālanīyā'.

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

लालनीया (lālanīyā) - to be cherished, to be nurtured (to be cherished, to be fostered, to be indulged)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of lālanīya

lālanīya - to be cherished, to be fostered, to be indulged, to be cared for

Gerundive (Nīyar)

From causative of root 'lal' (to sport, play, caress).

Root: lal (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'matiḥ'. Implies an obligation or necessity.

फलम् (phalam) - fruit, result, consequence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, consequence, reward

Note: Object of 'abhilaṣatā'.

अभिलषता (abhilaṣatā) - by the one desiring (fruit) (by one desiring, by one wishing)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of abhilaṣat

abhilaṣat - desiring, wishing, longing

Present Active Participle

From root 'laṣ' (to desire) with prefix 'abhi'.

Prefix: abhi

Root: laṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'kṛṣīvalena'.

कृषीवलेन (kṛṣīvalena) - by the farmer

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṛṣīvala

kṛṣīvala - farmer, cultivator

From 'kṛṣi' (agriculture).

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Agent of 'kṛṣyate'.

प्रथमतरम् (prathamataram) - first of all, primarily (comparative of 'prathama' used as superlative)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prathamatara

prathamatara - first of all, primarily, more primary

Comparative form of 'prathama', used here in a superlative sense.

Note: Adverbial usage.

ननु (nanu) - indeed, surely (indeed, surely, certainly, is it not?)

(indeclinable)

Particle expressing affirmation or rhetorical question.

कृष्यते (kṛṣyate) - is ploughed, is cultivated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of kṛṣ

Present passive indicative 3rd singular

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

Note: The subject is 'dharā'.

धरा (dharā) - earth, ground, land

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dharā

dharā - earth, ground, land, bearer

From root 'dhṛ' (to hold, bear).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'kṛṣyate'.

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)