योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-12, verse-39

पिधानं परमार्कस्य जडात्मा विततोऽसितः ।
अहंकाराम्बुदो मत्तः प्रज्ञावातेन बाध्यते ॥ ३९ ॥

pidhānaṃ paramārkasya jaḍātmā vitato'sitaḥ ,
ahaṃkārāmbudo mattaḥ prajñāvātena bādhyate 39

39. pidhānam paramārkasya jaḍātmā vitataḥ asitaḥ
ahaṅkārāmbudaḥ mattaḥ prajñāvātena bādhyate

39. jaḍātmā vitataḥ asitaḥ paramārkasya pidhānam
mattaḥ ahaṅkārāmbudaḥ prajñāvātena bādhyate

39. The dull-witted self (ātman), vast and dark, is a covering for the supreme sun (paramārka). The intoxicated cloud of ego (ahaṅkāra) is swept away by the wind of wisdom (prajñā).

Words meanings summery:

• पिधानम् (pidhānam) - covering, veil, lid, obstruction

• परमार्कस्य (paramārkasya) - of the supreme sun, of the ultimate light

• जडात्मा (jaḍātmā) - the inert self, the dull-witted self

• विततः (vitataḥ) - spread out, extensive, vast, diffused

• असितः (asitaḥ) - dark (in color or nature) (black, dark, not bound)

• अहङ्काराम्बुदः (ahaṅkārāmbudaḥ) - the cloud of ego

• मत्तः (mattaḥ) - deluded, arrogant (intoxicated, proud, deluded, maddened)

• प्रज्ञावातेन (prajñāvātena) - by the wind of wisdom

• बाध्यते (bādhyate) - is dispelled, is swept away (is obstructed, is removed, is dispelled, is afflicted)

Words meanings and morphology

पिधानम् (pidhānam) - covering, veil, lid, obstruction

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pidhāna

pidhāna - covering, veil, lid, obstruction, concealment

Derived from root 'dhā' with prefix 'api'/'pi'.

Prefix: api

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Acts as the complement to 'jaḍātmā'.

परमार्कस्य (paramārkasya) - of the supreme sun, of the ultimate light

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of paramārka

paramārka - supreme sun, ultimate light

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+arka)

• parama – supreme, highest, ultimate, best
  adjective
• arka – sun, ray, praise, copper
  noun (masculine)

Note: Possessive, 'of the supreme sun'.

जडात्मा (jaḍātmā) - the inert self, the dull-witted self

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jaḍātman

jaḍātman - inert soul, dull-witted self (ātman)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (jaḍa+ātman)

• jaḍa – inert, dull, stupid, cold
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence (ātman)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is'.

विततः (vitataḥ) - spread out, extensive, vast, diffused

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vitata

vitata - spread out, extended, vast, diffused

Past Passive Participle

From root 'tan' (to stretch) with prefix 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: tan (class 8)

असितः (asitaḥ) - dark (in color or nature) (black, dark, not bound)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asita

asita - black, dark; (from a-sita) not bound, unfettered

Negative of 'sita' (white/bound). Here, meaning 'dark'.

Note: Agrees with 'jaḍātmā'.

अहङ्काराम्बुदः (ahaṅkārāmbudaḥ) - the cloud of ego

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ahaṅkārāmbuda

ahaṅkārāmbuda - cloud of ego (ahaṅkāra)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (ahaṅkāra+ambuda)

• ahaṅkāra – ego, egoism, self-sense (ahaṅkāra)
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: aham
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• ambuda – cloud (lit. water-giver)
  noun (masculine)
  Compound: ambu (water) + da (giving)
  Prefix: ambu
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Subject of 'bādhyate'.

मत्तः (mattaḥ) - deluded, arrogant (intoxicated, proud, deluded, maddened)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of matta

matta - intoxicated, mad, proud, deluded, excited

Past Passive Participle

From root 'mad' (to be intoxicated, delighted).

Root: mad (class 4)

प्रज्ञावातेन (prajñāvātena) - by the wind of wisdom

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of prajñāvāta

prajñāvāta - wind of wisdom (prajñā)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (prajñā+vāta)

• prajñā – wisdom, understanding, true knowledge, insight (prajñā)
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• vāta – wind, air
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vā (class 2)

Note: Agent, 'by the wind of wisdom'.

बाध्यते (bādhyate) - is dispelled, is swept away (is obstructed, is removed, is dispelled, is afflicted)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of badh

Present passive indicative 3rd singular

Root: badh (class 1)

Note: The subject is 'ahaṅkārāmbudaḥ'.