योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-2, chapter-6, verse-5

ह्यस्तनो दुष्ट आचार आचारेणाद्य चारुणा ।
यथाशु शुभतामेति प्राक्तनं कर्म तत्तथा ॥ ५ ॥

hyastano duṣṭa ācāra ācāreṇādya cāruṇā ,
yathāśu śubhatāmeti prāktanaṃ karma tattathā 5

5. yathā hyastanaḥ duṣṭaḥ ācāraḥ adya cāruṇā ācāreṇa
āśu śubhatām eti tathā tat prāktanam karma

5. yathā hyastanaḥ duṣṭaḥ ācāraḥ adya cāruṇā ācāreṇa
āśu śubhatām eti tathā tat prāktanam karma

5. Just as yesterday's bad conduct quickly attains goodness through today's good conduct, similarly, that past action (karma) [is transformed] in the same way.

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in what manner)

• ह्यस्तनः (hyastanaḥ) - of yesterday (of yesterday, past)

• दुष्टः (duṣṭaḥ) - bad, evil (bad, wicked, corrupted)

• आचारः (ācāraḥ) - conduct (conduct, custom, practice)

• अद्य (adya) - today's (implicitly modifying 'ācāreṇa') (today, now, at present)

• चारुणा (cāruṇā) - by good, by proper (by good, by beautiful, by charming)

• आचारेण (ācāreṇa) - by conduct, by behavior (by conduct, by custom)

• आशु (āśu) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, rapidly)

• शुभताम् (śubhatām) - goodness, auspiciousness (goodness, auspiciousness, prosperity)

• एति (eti) - attains (goes, approaches, attains)

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, in the same way (so, thus, in that manner)

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to prāktanam karma) (that, it)

• प्राक्तनम् (prāktanam) - past, accumulated (karma) (past, former, ancient)

• कर्म (karma) - action, the consequences of past actions (karma) (action, deed, ritual, fate)

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces the simile.

ह्यस्तनः (hyastanaḥ) - of yesterday (of yesterday, past)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hyastana

hyastana - of yesterday, relating to yesterday

Derived from 'hyas' (yesterday) with 'ṭana' suffix.

Note: Agrees with 'ācāraḥ'.

दुष्टः (duṣṭaḥ) - bad, evil (bad, wicked, corrupted)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duṣṭa

duṣṭa - bad, wicked, corrupted, spoiled

past passive participle

Past passive participle from root 'duṣ' (to spoil, corrupt).

Root: duṣ (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'ācāraḥ'.

आचारः (ācāraḥ) - conduct (conduct, custom, practice)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ācāra

ācāra - conduct, custom, behavior, practice

From root 'car' (to move, act) with prefix 'ā' and suffix 'ghaṇ'.

Prefix: ā

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'eti'.

अद्य (adya) - today's (implicitly modifying 'ācāreṇa') (today, now, at present)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates time for the transformative conduct.

चारुणा (cāruṇā) - by good, by proper (by good, by beautiful, by charming)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of cāru

cāru - agreeable, charming, good, beautiful

Note: Agrees with 'ācāreṇa'.

आचारेण (ācāreṇa) - by conduct, by behavior (by conduct, by custom)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ācāra

ācāra - conduct, custom, behavior, practice

From root 'car' (to move, act) with prefix 'ā' and suffix 'ghaṇ'.

Prefix: ā

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Means by which the transformation occurs.

आशु (āśu) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, rapidly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'eti'.

शुभताम् (śubhatām) - goodness, auspiciousness (goodness, auspiciousness, prosperity)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śubhatā

śubhatā - goodness, auspiciousness, beauty, prosperity

Derived from 'śubha' (auspicious) with suffix 'tā' (fem. noun).

Note: Object of 'eti'.

एति (eti) - attains (goes, approaches, attains)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of i

present active

From root 'i' (to go) in the parasmaipada, 3rd person singular present.

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Verb for 'ācāraḥ'.

तथा (tathā) - similarly, in the same way (so, thus, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces the second part of the simile.

तत् (tat) - that (referring to prāktanam karma) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers to 'prāktanam karma'.

प्राक्तनम् (prāktanam) - past, accumulated (karma) (past, former, ancient)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prāktana

prāktana - past, former, ancient, belonging to former times

Derived from 'prāk' (before) with '-tana' suffix.

Note: Agrees with 'karma'.

कर्म (karma) - action, the consequences of past actions (karma) (action, deed, ritual, fate)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, work, ritual, fate, effect of actions

From root 'kṛ' (to do) with '-man' suffix.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject implicitly taking on 'śubhatām'.