वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-82, verse-5

विधवा हतपुत्राश्च क्रोशन्त्यो हतबान्धवाः ।
राक्षस्यः सह संगम्य दुःखार्ताः पर्यदेवयन् ॥५॥

5. vidhavā hataputrāśca krośantyo hatabāndhavāḥ ,
rākṣasyaḥ saha saṃgamya duḥkhārtāḥ paryadevayan.

5. vidhavāḥ hataputrāḥ ca krośantyaḥ hatabāndhavāḥ
| rākṣasyas saha saṃgamya duḥkhārtāḥ paryadevayan

5. rākṣasyas vidhavāḥ hataputrāḥ ca krośantyaḥ
hatabāndhavāḥ saha saṃgamya duḥkhārtāḥ paryadevayan

5. The demonesses, who were widows, whose sons had been killed, and whose relatives had been killed, gathered together and, afflicted by sorrow, lamented loudly.

Words meanings summery:

• विधवाः (vidhavāḥ) - widows

• हतपुत्राः (hataputrāḥ) - whose sons have been killed, sonless due to death

• च (ca) - and, also

• क्रोशन्त्यः (krośantyaḥ) - wailing, crying out

• हतबान्धवाः (hatabāndhavāḥ) - whose relatives have been killed, whose kinsmen are dead

• राक्षस्यस् (rākṣasyas) - demonesses

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• संगम्य (saṁgamya) - having gathered, having come together, having met

• दुःखार्ताः (duḥkhārtāḥ) - afflicted by sorrow, distressed by suffering

• पर्यदेवयन् (paryadevayan) - they lamented, they wailed

Words meanings and morphology

विधवाः (vidhavāḥ) - widows

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vidhavā

vidhavā - widow

हतपुत्राः (hataputrāḥ) - whose sons have been killed, sonless due to death

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of hataputra

hataputra - one whose sons are killed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+putra)

• hata – killed, struck, destroyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root √han (to strike, to kill).
  Root: han (class 2)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'rākṣasyas'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

क्रोशन्त्यः (krośantyaḥ) - wailing, crying out

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of krośantī

krośantī - crying, wailing, shrieking

Present Active Participle

Feminine form of the present active participle from the root √kruś (to cry out, to wail).

Root: kruś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'rākṣasyas'.

हतबान्धवाः (hatabāndhavāḥ) - whose relatives have been killed, whose kinsmen are dead

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of hatabāndhava

hatabāndhava - one whose relatives are killed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+bāndhava)

• hata – killed, struck, destroyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root √han (to strike, to kill).
  Root: han (class 2)
• bāndhava – kinsman, relative, friend
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'rākṣasyas'.

राक्षस्यस् (rākṣasyas) - demonesses

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of rākṣasī

rākṣasī - a female Rākṣasa, demoness

Feminine form of Rākṣasa.

Note: Subject of the sentence.

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

संगम्य (saṁgamya) - having gathered, having come together, having met

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Formed from the root √gam (to go) with prefix sam- with suffix -ya (after prefixes).

Prefix: sam

Root: gam (class 1)

दुःखार्ताः (duḥkhārtāḥ) - afflicted by sorrow, distressed by suffering

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of duḥkhārta

duḥkhārta - afflicted with sorrow, distressed, suffering

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duḥkha+ārta)

• duḥkha – pain, suffering, sorrow, misery
  noun (neuter)
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, pained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root √ṛ (to go, to move, to obtain) or √ṛ (to wound). Often associated with affliction.
  Root: ṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'rākṣasyas'.

पर्यदेवयन् (paryadevayan) - they lamented, they wailed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pari-√dev

Imperfect

3rd person plural imperfect active of the root √dev (to lament, to cry) with the prefix pari-.

Prefix: pari

Root: dev (class 1)

Note: The 'r' in 'paryadevayan' is due to sandhi with 'pari'.