वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-53, verse-49

ते तस्य घोरं निनदं निशम्य यथा निनादं दिवि वारिदस्य ।
पेतुर्धरण्यां बहवः प्लवंगा निकृत्तमूला इव सालवृक्षाः ॥४९॥

49. te tasya ghoraṃ ninadaṃ niśamya yathā ninādaṃ divi vāridasya ,
peturdharaṇyāṃ bahavaḥ plavaṃgā nikṛttamūlā iva sālavṛkṣāḥ.

49. te tasya ghoram ninadam niśamya
yathā ninadam divi vāridasya
petuḥ dharaṇyām bahavaḥ plavaṃgāḥ
nikṛttamūlāḥ iva sālavṛkṣāḥ

49. te tasya ghoram ninadam vāridasya
ninadam divi yathā niśamya
bahavaḥ plavaṃgāḥ nikṛttamūlāḥ
sālavṛkṣāḥ iva dharaṇyām petuḥ

49. Upon hearing his terrible roar, which was like the thunder of a cloud in the sky, many monkeys fell to the ground, just like śāla trees whose roots have been severed.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - the monkeys (they)

• तस्य (tasya) - of him (Kumbhakarṇa) (his, of him, of that)

• घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible, dreadful, fierce

• निनदम् (ninadam) - roar, sound, cry

• निशम्य (niśamya) - having heard, having perceived

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

• निनदम् (ninadam) - the thunderous sound of a cloud (sound, roar)

• दिवि (divi) - in the sky, in heaven

• वारिदस्य (vāridasya) - of a cloud

• पेतुः (petuḥ) - they fell

• धरण्याम् (dharaṇyām) - on the ground, on the earth

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many

• प्लवंगाः (plavaṁgāḥ) - monkeys

• निकृत्तमूलाः (nikṛttamūlāḥ) - uprooted, with severed roots

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• सालवृक्षाः (sālavṛkṣāḥ) - śāla trees

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - the monkeys (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

Note: Nominative plural masculine form of 'tad'

तस्य (tasya) - of him (Kumbhakarṇa) (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Genitive singular masculine form of 'tad'

घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible, dreadful, fierce

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, fierce, frightful

Note: Refers to 'ninadam'

निनदम् (ninadam) - roar, sound, cry

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ninada

ninada - sound, roar, cry, noise

From `ni-` + `√nad` (to sound)

Prefix: ni

Root: nad (class 1)

निशम्य (niśamya) - having heard, having perceived

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Formed with prefix `ni-` and suffix `-ya`

Prefix: ni

Root: śam (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

(indeclinable)

निनदम् (ninadam) - the thunderous sound of a cloud (sound, roar)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ninada

ninada - sound, roar, cry, noise

From `ni-` + `√nad` (to sound)

Prefix: ni

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Object of implicit comparison with 'yathā'

दिवि (divi) - in the sky, in heaven

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of div

div - sky, heaven, day

वारिदस्य (vāridasya) - of a cloud

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vārida

vārida - cloud (literally 'water-giver')

Derived from 'vāri' (water) and 'da' (giver, from √dā)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāri+da)

• vāri – water
  noun (neuter)
• da – giver, bestower
  noun (masculine)
  From √dā (to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)

पेतुः (petuḥ) - they fell

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (Lit) of pat

Perfect tense

3rd person plural perfect active

Root: pat (class 1)

धरण्याम् (dharaṇyām) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of dharaṇī

dharaṇī - earth, ground, land

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous

Note: Refers to 'plavaṃgāḥ'

प्लवंगाः (plavaṁgāḥ) - monkeys

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of plavaṃga

plavaṁga - monkey (literally 'jumper')

From `plava` (jumping) + `ga` (going)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (plava+ga)

• plava – jumping, floating
  noun (masculine)
  From √plu (to jump, float)
  Root: plu (class 1)
• ga – going, moving
  adjective (masculine)
  From √gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

निकृत्तमूलाः (nikṛttamūlāḥ) - uprooted, with severed roots

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nikṛttamūla

nikṛttamūla - having roots cut off, uprooted

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nikṛtta+mūla)

• nikṛtta – cut off, severed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From `ni-` + `√kṛt` (to cut down)
  Prefix: ni
  Root: kṛt (class 6)
• mūla – root, basis, origin
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to 'plavaṃgāḥ'

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

सालवृक्षाः (sālavṛkṣāḥ) - śāla trees

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sālavṛkṣa

sālavṛkṣa - śāla tree (Shorea robusta)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sāla+vṛkṣa)

• sāla – śāla tree
  noun (masculine)
• vṛkṣa – tree
  noun (masculine)

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