वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-53, verse-45

अचिन्तयन्महोत्पातानुत्थितांल् लोमहर्षणान् ।
निर्ययौ कुम्भकर्णस्तु कृतान्तबलचोदितः ॥४५॥

45. acintayanmahotpātānutthitāṃl lomaharṣaṇān ,
niryayau kumbhakarṇastu kṛtāntabalacoditaḥ.

45. acintayat mahāutpātān utthitān lomaharṣaṇān
niryayau kumbhakarṇaḥ tu kṛtāntabalacoditaḥ

45. He reflected on the great, hair-raising calamities that had arisen. But Kumbhakarna, impelled by the force of destiny (kṛtānta), departed.

Words meanings summery:

• अचिन्तयत् (acintayat) - he reflected (he thought, he considered, he reflected)

• महाउत्पातान् (mahāutpātān) - great calamities (great calamities, great portents)

• उत्थितान् (utthitān) - that had arisen (arisen, occurred, standing up)

• लोमहर्षणान् (lomaharṣaṇān) - hair-raising (hair-raising, thrilling, causing goosebumps)

• निर्ययौ (niryayau) - departed (he went out, he departed, he issued forth)

• कुम्भकर्णः (kumbhakarṇaḥ) - Kumbhakarna (Kumbhakarna (proper noun))

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• कृतान्तबलचोदितः (kṛtāntabalacoditaḥ) - impelled by the force of destiny (kṛtānta) (impelled by the force of destiny/death)

Words meanings and morphology

अचिन्तयत् (acintayat) - he reflected (he thought, he considered, he reflected)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of cint

Root cint (10th class) with augment a- for past imperfect

Root: cit (class 10)

महाउत्पातान् (mahāutpātān) - great calamities (great calamities, great portents)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mahotpāta

mahotpāta - a great calamity, a great portent, a great extraordinary event

Compound of mahā (great) + utpāta (calamity)

Compound type : karmaṇi-tatpurusha (mahā+utpāta)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• utpāta – a calamity, portent, extraordinary occurrence
  noun (masculine)
  From root pat (to fall) with prefix ut
  Prefix: ut
  Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Object of acintayat.

उत्थितान् (utthitān) - that had arisen (arisen, occurred, standing up)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of utthita

utthita - arisen, produced, standing up, occurred

Past Passive Participle

From root sthā (to stand) with prefix ut

Prefix: ut

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with mahāutpātān.

लोमहर्षणान् (lomaharṣaṇān) - hair-raising (hair-raising, thrilling, causing goosebumps)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of lomaharṣaṇa

lomaharṣaṇa - causing hair to stand on end, thrilling, horrifying

Compound of loman (hair) + harṣaṇa (causing to stand erect)

Compound type : upapada-tatpurusha (loman+harṣaṇa)

• loman – hair, down, wool
  noun (neuter)
• harṣaṇa – causing to stand erect, thrilling, exciting
  noun (neuter)
  causative derivative
  From root hṛṣ (to be excited, to stand erect) in causative
  Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with mahāutpātān.

निर्ययौ (niryayau) - departed (he went out, he departed, he issued forth)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of nir-i

Root i (to go) with prefix nir

Prefix: nir

Root: i (class 2)

कुम्भकर्णः (kumbhakarṇaḥ) - Kumbhakarna (Kumbhakarna (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kumbhakarṇa

kumbhakarṇa - Kumbhakarna (a giant Rakshasa, brother of Ravana)

Compound of kumbha (pot) + karṇa (ear) - lit. 'pot-eared'

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kumbha+karṇa)

• kumbha – pot, jar, pitcher
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kumbh (class 1)
• karṇa – ear, helm, Karna (proper name)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of niryayau.

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

particle

कृतान्तबलचोदितः (kṛtāntabalacoditaḥ) - impelled by the force of destiny (kṛtānta) (impelled by the force of destiny/death)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtāntabalacodita

kṛtāntabalacodita - urged/impelled by the power of fate/death (kṛtānta)

Compound

Compound type : tatpurusha (kṛtānta+bala+codita)

• kṛtānta – end of action, fate, destiny, death, Yama (god of death)
  noun (masculine)
  Compound kṛta (done) + anta (end)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bal (class 1)
• codita – impelled, urged, exhorted
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root cud (to impel, urge)
  Root: cud (class 10)

Note: Agrees with Kumbhakarṇaḥ.

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