वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-53, verse-27

शङ्खदुन्दुभिनिर्घोषैः सैन्यैश्चापि वरायुधैः ।
तं गजैश्च तुरंगैश्च स्यन्दनैश्चाम्बुदस्वनैः ।
अनुजग्मुर्महात्मानं रथिनो रथिनां वरम् ॥२७॥

27. śaṅkhadundubhinirghoṣaiḥ sainyaiścāpi varāyudhaiḥ ,
taṃ gajaiśca turaṃgaiśca syandanaiścāmbudasvanaiḥ ,
anujagmurmahātmānaṃ rathino rathināṃ varam.

27. śaṅkhadundubhinirghoṣaiḥ sainyaiḥ ca
api varāyudhaiḥ tam gajaiḥ ca turaṅgaiḥ
ca syandanaiḥ ca ambudāsvanaiḥ anujagmuḥ
mahātmānam rathinaḥ rathinām varam

27. Charioteers, the foremost among charioteers, followed that great-souled one (mahātmānam), with the resounding clamor of conchs and drums, accompanied by armies equipped with excellent weapons, elephants, horses, and chariots thundering like clouds.

Words meanings summery:

• शङ्खदुन्दुभिनिर्घोषैः (śaṅkhadundubhinirghoṣaiḥ) - with the sounds/clamor of conchs and drums

• सैन्यैः (sainyaiḥ) - with armies, with troops

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• वरायुधैः (varāyudhaiḥ) - with excellent weapons, with best weapons

• तम् (tam) - Kumbhakarṇa (him, that)

• गजैः (gajaiḥ) - with elephants

• च (ca) - and, also

• तुरङ्गैः (turaṅgaiḥ) - with horses

• च (ca) - and, also

• स्यन्दनैः (syandanaiḥ) - with chariots

• च (ca) - and, also

• अम्बुदास्वनैः (ambudāsvanaiḥ) - referring to the sound of chariots (with sounds like clouds (thundering))

• अनुजग्मुः (anujagmuḥ) - followed

• महात्मानम् (mahātmānam) - Kumbhakarṇa (the great-souled one, the noble one)

• रथिनः (rathinaḥ) - charioteers, warriors in chariots

• रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers

• वरम् (varam) - best, excellent, foremost

Words meanings and morphology

शङ्खदुन्दुभिनिर्घोषैः (śaṅkhadundubhinirghoṣaiḥ) - with the sounds/clamor of conchs and drums

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śaṅkhadundubhinirghoṣa

śaṅkhadundubhinirghoṣa - sound of conchs and drums

Compound type : dvandva/tatpuruṣa (śaṅkha+dundubhi+nirghoṣa)

• śaṅkha – conch-shell
  noun (masculine)
• dundubhi – drum, war-drum
  noun (masculine)
• nirghoṣa – sound, clamor, roar
  noun (masculine)
  Root √ghuṣ with prefix nir-
  Prefix: nir
  Root: √ghuṣ (class 1)

सैन्यैः (sainyaiḥ) - with armies, with troops

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of sainya

sainya - army, troop, military

Derived from senā (army) + suffix -ya.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

वरायुधैः (varāyudhaiḥ) - with excellent weapons, with best weapons

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of varāyudha

varāyudha - excellent weapon, best weapon

Compound type : karmadhāraya (vara+āyudha)

• vara – excellent, best, boon
  adjective
• āyudha – weapon, implement
  noun (neuter)

तम् (tam) - Kumbhakarṇa (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

गजैः (gajaiḥ) - with elephants

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of gaja

gaja - elephant

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तुरङ्गैः (turaṅgaiḥ) - with horses

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of turaṅga

turaṅga - horse

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

स्यन्दनैः (syandanaiḥ) - with chariots

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of syandana

syandana - chariot, flowing, moving

From root √syand (to flow, move).

Root: √syand (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अम्बुदास्वनैः (ambudāsvanaiḥ) - referring to the sound of chariots (with sounds like clouds (thundering))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ambudāsvana

ambudāsvana - sounding like a cloud, thundering like clouds

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa or bahuvrīhi (ambuda+āsvana)

• ambuda – cloud (giver of water)
  noun (masculine)
  Compound 'ambu' (water) + 'da' (giver, from √dā)
• āsvana – sound, noise, thunder
  noun (masculine)
  Root √svan (to sound) with prefix ā-
  Prefix: ā
  Root: √svan (class 2)

Note: Agrees with syandanaiḥ.

अनुजग्मुः (anujagmuḥ) - followed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of √gam

perfect (parasmaipada)

Root √gam with prefix anu-. Perfect 3rd person plural parasmaipada form.

Prefix: anu

Root: √gam (class 1)

महात्मानम् (mahātmānam) - Kumbhakarṇa (the great-souled one, the noble one)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, illustrious (referring to an individual of great spirit or character)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature
  noun (masculine)

रथिनः (rathinaḥ) - charioteers, warriors in chariots

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, owner of a chariot, warrior in a chariot

Derived from ratha (chariot) + suffix -in.

Note: Subject of anujagmuḥ.

रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, owner of a chariot, warrior in a chariot

Derived from ratha (chariot) + suffix -in.

Note: Possessive, 'among charioteers' (varam rathinām).

वरम् (varam) - best, excellent, foremost

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, superior, boon

Root: √vṛ (class 5)

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