वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-53, verse-3

गर्जन्ति न वृथा शूर निर्जला इव तोयदाः ।
पश्य संपाद्यमानं तु गर्जितं युधि कर्मणा ॥३॥

3. garjanti na vṛthā śūra nirjalā iva toyadāḥ ,
paśya saṃpādyamānaṃ tu garjitaṃ yudhi karmaṇā.

3. garjanti na vṛthā śūra nirjalāḥ iva toyadāḥ
paśya sampādyamānam tu garjitam yudhi karmaṇā

3. śūra toyadāḥ nirjalāḥ iva na vṛthā garjanti
tu paśya garjitam sampādyamānam yudhi karmaṇā

3. O hero, they do not merely roar in vain like waterless clouds. Rather, behold their roar being actualized by their actions (karma) in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• गर्जन्ति (garjanti) - they roar, they thunder

• न (na) - not, no

• वृथा (vṛthā) - in vain, uselessly, idly

• शूर (śūra) - O hero, O brave one

• निर्जलाः (nirjalāḥ) - waterless, without water

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• तोयदाः (toyadāḥ) - clouds (lit. 'water-givers')

• पश्य (paśya) - behold, see

• सम्पाद्यमानम् (sampādyamānam) - being accomplished, being performed, being fulfilled

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• गर्जितम् (garjitam) - the roaring, the thunder (substantivized)

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

• कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by action, by deeds

Words meanings and morphology

गर्जन्ति (garjanti) - they roar, they thunder

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of garj

Present Active

Third person plural, present indicative, parasmaipada. Root garj, class 1.

Root: garj (class 1)

Note: Implied subject is 'heroes' or 'warriors'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

वृथा (vṛthā) - in vain, uselessly, idly

(indeclinable)

शूर (śūra) - O hero, O brave one

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of śūra

śūra - hero, warrior, brave

Root: śūr

Note: Addressed to the listener.

निर्जलाः (nirjalāḥ) - waterless, without water

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nirjala

nirjala - waterless

'nir' (without) + 'jala' (water).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nir+jala)

• nir – without, out
  indeclinable
  A prefix.
• jala – water
  noun (neuter)
  Root: jal

Note: Qualifies 'toyadāḥ'.

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

तोयदाः (toyadāḥ) - clouds (lit. 'water-givers')

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of toyada

toyada - cloud

`toyada` is a compound of `toya` (water) and `da` (giver, from root `dā` 'to give').

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (toya+da)

• toya – water
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tū
• da – giving, giver
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'dā' (to give).
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Subject of comparison.

पश्य (paśya) - behold, see

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of dṛś

Imperative Active

Second person singular, imperative mood, parasmaipada. Root dṛś, class 1 (irregular present stem paśya).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: The imperative verb addressing 'śūra'.

सम्पाद्यमानम् (sampādyamānam) - being accomplished, being performed, being fulfilled

(verbal derivative)

Note: Qualifies 'garjitam'.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for emphasis or contrast.

गर्जितम् (garjitam) - the roaring, the thunder (substantivized)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of garjita

garjita - roar, thunder

Past Passive Participle (substantivized)

From root garj (to roar), class 1. Literally 'that which has been roared'.

Root: garj (class 1)

Note: Object of 'paśya'.

युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war

`yudh` is also a root for 'to fight'. Locative case of the noun `yudh`.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Denotes the place where the action occurs.

कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by action, by deeds

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual action, fate

From root kṛ (to do). Instr. sg. of `karman`.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: The means by which the roaring is fulfilled.

Previous Verse Next Verse