वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-53, verse-5

विक्लवानामबुद्धीनां राज्ञां पण्डितमानिनाम् ।
शृण्वतामादित इदं त्वद्विधानां महोदर ॥५॥

5. viklavānāmabuddhīnāṃ rājñāṃ paṇḍitamāninām ,
śṛṇvatāmādita idaṃ tvadvidhānāṃ mahodara.

5. viklavānām abuddhīnām rājñām paṇḍitamāninām
śṛṇvatām āditaḥ idam tvadvidhānām mahodara

5. mahodara idam āditaḥ śṛṇvatām tvadvidhānām
viklavānām abuddhīnām rājñām paṇḍitamāninām

5. O Mahodara, hear this from the beginning, (this is for) kings of your kind who are timid, unintelligent, and who consider themselves wise (pundits), (while they are) listening.

Words meanings summery:

• विक्लवानाम् (viklavānām) - of the bewildered, of the disheartened, of the timid

• अबुद्धीनाम् (abuddhīnām) - of the unwise, of the foolish, of those without intelligence

• राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - of kings

• पण्डितमानिनाम् (paṇḍitamāninām) - of those who consider themselves wise/learned

• शृण्वताम् (śṛṇvatām) - of those who are listening, while listening

• आदितः (āditaḥ) - from the beginning, first

• इदम् (idam) - this (thing/statement)

• त्वद्विधानाम् (tvadvidhānām) - of those like you, of your kind

• महोदर (mahodara) - O Mahodara (proper name)

Words meanings and morphology

विक्लवानाम् (viklavānām) - of the bewildered, of the disheartened, of the timid

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of viklava

viklava - bewildered, confused, timid

`vi` (apart) + `klava` (lame, weak). Genitive plural.

Root: kluv

Note: Qualifies 'rājñām' and 'tvadvidhānām'.

अबुद्धीनाम् (abuddhīnām) - of the unwise, of the foolish, of those without intelligence

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of abuddhi

abuddhi - unwise, foolish

'a' (not) + 'buddhi' (intellect). Genitive plural.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+buddhi)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• buddhi – intelligence, understanding
  noun (feminine)
  From root `budh` (to know).
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'rājñām' and 'tvadvidhānām'.

राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - of kings

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Head noun qualified by preceding adjectives.

पण्डितमानिनाम् (paṇḍitamāninām) - of those who consider themselves wise/learned

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of paṇḍitamānin

paṇḍitamānin - one who considers himself learned/wise

Compound of 'paṇḍita' (learned) and 'mānin' (one who considers oneself as). Genitive plural.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (paṇḍita+mānin)

• paṇḍita – learned, scholar, wise man
  noun (masculine)
  Past passive participle of root 'paṇḍ' (to collect, to know).
  Root: paṇḍ (class 1)
• mānin – thinking, considering
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from root `man` (to think) with suffix `-in`.
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'rājñām' and 'tvadvidhānām'.

शृण्वताम् (śṛṇvatām) - of those who are listening, while listening

(verbal derivative)

Note: Functions as an adjective for the kings.

आदितः (āditaḥ) - from the beginning, first

(indeclinable)

Formed with the suffix '-tas'. Adverbial use.

Note: Modifies 'śṛṇvatām' (listen from the beginning) or 'idam' (this from the beginning).

इदम् (idam) - this (thing/statement)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

Nominative/Accusative singular, neuter.

Note: Refers to the advice or statement being given.

त्वद्विधानाम् (tvadvidhānām) - of those like you, of your kind

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tvadvidha

tvadvidha - like you, of your nature

Compound of 'tvad' (you) and 'vidha' (kind, sort). Genitive plural.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tvad+vidha)

• tvad – you (stem form)
  pronoun
  Stem of 'yuṣmad'. Forms part of compounds.
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  noun (masculine)
  From root `dhā` (to place, to arrange). Often found in compounds like 'īdṛśavidha'.
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'rājñām' (kings).

महोदर (mahodara) - O Mahodara (proper name)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahodara

mahodara - Mahodara (a proper name, lit. 'great-bellied')

Compound of 'mahā' (great) + 'udara' (belly). Vocative singular.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+udara)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
  Stem of 'mahat'. Often forms first part of compounds.
• udara – belly, abdomen
  noun (neuter)
  Root: und

Note: The person being addressed.

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