वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-53, verse-24

स काञ्चनं भारसहं निवातं विद्युत्प्रभं दीप्तमिवात्मभासा ।
आबध्यमानः कवचं रराज संध्याभ्रसंवीत इवाद्रिराजः ॥२४॥

24. sa kāñcanaṃ bhārasahaṃ nivātaṃ vidyutprabhaṃ dīptamivātmabhāsā ,
ābadhyamānaḥ kavacaṃ rarāja saṃdhyābhrasaṃvīta ivādrirājaḥ.

24. saḥ kāñcanam bhārasaham nivātam
vidyutprabham dīptam iva ātma-bhāsā
ābadhyamānaḥ kavacam rarāja
sandhyābhrasaṃvītaḥ iva adrirājaḥ

24. As he put on his golden, sturdy, wind-proof armor, which shone like lightning and glittered with its own splendor, he appeared magnificent, like the king of mountains (Himālaya) enveloped by evening clouds.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - (referring to Kumbhakarna) (he, that)

• काञ्चनम् (kāñcanam) - (describing the armor) (golden, made of gold)

• भारसहम् (bhārasaham) - (describing the armor) (weight-bearing, sturdy)

• निवातम् (nivātam) - (describing the armor as sturdy and impenetrable) (wind-proof, sheltered from wind, impervious)

• विद्युत्प्रभम् (vidyutprabham) - (describing the armor) (shining like lightning, brilliant as lightning)

• दीप्तम् (dīptam) - (describing the armor) (shining, ablaze, radiant)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• आत्म-भासा (ātma-bhāsā) - (the armor's own radiance) (with one's own splendor)

• आबध्यमानः (ābadhyamānaḥ) - (Kumbhakarna wearing his armor) (being tied on, putting on (himself))

• कवचम् (kavacam) - armor, breastplate

• रराज (rarāja) - shone, glittered, appeared splendid

• सन्ध्याभ्रसंवीतः (sandhyābhrasaṁvītaḥ) - (describing the mountain king) (covered by evening clouds)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• अद्रिराजः (adrirājaḥ) - (often refers to Himālaya) (king of mountains)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - (referring to Kumbhakarna) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

काञ्चनम् (kāñcanam) - (describing the armor) (golden, made of gold)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kāñcana

kāñcana - golden, made of gold

Derived from 'kañcana' (gold).

भारसहम् (bhārasaham) - (describing the armor) (weight-bearing, sturdy)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhārasaha

bhārasaha - bearing a burden, weight-bearing, strong, sturdy

Compound of 'bhāra' (burden, weight) and 'saha' (bearing, enduring).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhāra+saha)

• bhāra – burden, weight, load
  noun (masculine)
  From root √bhṛ 'to bear'.
  Root: bhṛ (class 3)
• saha – bearing, enduring, capable of
  adjective/suffix
  From root √sah 'to bear, endure'.
  Root: sah (class 1)

निवातम् (nivātam) - (describing the armor as sturdy and impenetrable) (wind-proof, sheltered from wind, impervious)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nivāta

nivāta - sheltered from wind, windless, calm, firm, strong

Compound of 'ni-' (down, in) and 'vāta' (wind). Can mean 'without wind' or 'firm against wind'.

Compound type : pra-ādi compound (ni+vāta)

• ni – down, into, in, thoroughly
  indeclinable
• vāta – wind, air
  noun (masculine)
  From root √vā 'to blow'. As a P.P.P. from √vā, it means 'blown'.
  Root: vā (class 2)

विद्युत्प्रभम् (vidyutprabham) - (describing the armor) (shining like lightning, brilliant as lightning)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vidyutprabha

vidyutprabha - having the splendor of lightning, brilliant as lightning

Compound of 'vidyut' (lightning) and 'prabhā' (splendor).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vidyut+prabhā)

• vidyut – lightning, flash
  noun (feminine)
  Originally a present participle of √vidyut 'to shine, flash'.
  Root: vidyut (class 6)
• prabhā – splendor, light, radiance
  noun (feminine)
  From pra-√bhā 'to shine forth'.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: bhā (class 2)

दीप्तम् (dīptam) - (describing the armor) (shining, ablaze, radiant)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dīpta

dīpta - shining, bright, splendid, inflamed

Past Passive Participle

From root √dīp (4th class) 'to shine, be inflamed'.

Root: dīp (class 4)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

आत्म-भासा (ātma-bhāsā) - (the armor's own radiance) (with one's own splendor)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of ātma-bhās

ātma-bhās - own splendor, self-radiance

Compound of 'ātman' (self) and 'bhās' (light, splendor). 'bhāsā' is instrumental singular.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ātman+bhās)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit (ātman)
  noun (masculine)
• bhās – light, splendor, radiance
  noun (feminine)
  From root √bhā 'to shine'.
  Root: bhā (class 2)

आबध्यमानः (ābadhyamānaḥ) - (Kumbhakarna wearing his armor) (being tied on, putting on (himself))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ābadhyamāna

ābadhyamāna - being bound, being tied on, putting on

Present Passive Participle

From prefix ā- and root √bandh (9th class) 'to bind'. The suffix -yamāna indicates passive voice.

Compound type : pra-ādi compound (ā+badhyamāna)

• ā – to, near, completely, up to
  indeclinable
• badhyamāna – being bound, being tied
  adjective
  Present Passive Participle
  From root √bandh (9th class) 'to bind'.
  Root: bandh (class 9)

कवचम् (kavacam) - armor, breastplate

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kavaca

kavaca - armor, breastplate, shield

रराज (rarāja) - shone, glittered, appeared splendid

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of rāj

Perfect Active

Root √rāj (1st class), Perfect active, 3rd person singular. Reduplication.

Root: rāj (class 1)

सन्ध्याभ्रसंवीतः (sandhyābhrasaṁvītaḥ) - (describing the mountain king) (covered by evening clouds)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sandhyābhrasaṃvīta

sandhyābhrasaṁvīta - enveloped by evening clouds

Past Passive Participle (used adjectivally)

Compound of 'sandhyā' (evening), 'abhra' (cloud), and 'saṃvīta' (covered). 'saṃvīta' is the P.P.P. of saṃ-√vyā (to cover).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sandhyā+abhra+saṃvīta)

• sandhyā – evening, twilight, juncture of day and night
  noun (feminine)
  From saṃ-√dhā 'to put together, unite'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• abhra – cloud, sky
  noun (neuter)
• saṃvīta – covered, enveloped, veiled
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From prefix sam- and root √vyā (4th class) 'to cover, encompass'. 'vīta' is the irregular P.P.P. from √vyā.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: vyā (class 4)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

अद्रिराजः (adrirājaḥ) - (often refers to Himālaya) (king of mountains)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adrirāja

adrirāja - king of mountains, Himālaya

Compound of 'adri' (mountain) and 'rāja' (king).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (adri+rāja)

• adri – mountain, rock, stone
  noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  From root √rāj 'to rule, shine'. While 'rājan' is the more common lemma for 'king', 'rāja' can be the stem or a derived form used in compounds.
  Root: rāj (class 1)

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