वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-44, verse-9

तं महाप्लवगं दृष्ट्वा सर्वे प्लवगयूथपाः ।
समेत्य समरे वीराः सहिताः पर्यवारयन् ॥९॥

9. taṃ mahāplavagaṃ dṛṣṭvā sarve plavagayūthapāḥ ,
sametya samare vīrāḥ sahitāḥ paryavārayan.

9. tam mahāplavagaṃ dṛṣṭvā sarve plavagayūthapāḥ
sametya samare vīrāḥ sahitāḥ paryavārayan

9. sarve vīrāḥ sahitāḥ plavagayūthapāḥ tam
mahāplavagaṃ dṛṣṭvā samare sametya paryavārayan

9. Seeing that great monkey, all the heroic monkey chiefs, gathering together, surrounded him in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that (Hanuman) (him, that)

• महाप्लवगं (mahāplavagaṁ) - the mighty monkey (Hanuman) (great monkey, great leaper)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (him) (having seen)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all of them (all, every)

• प्लवगयूथपाः (plavagayūthapāḥ) - the chiefs of the monkey army (leaders of monkeys, monkey chiefs)

• समेत्य (sametya) - having assembled (having met, having gathered)

• समरे (samare) - in the ensuing fight (in battle, in conflict)

• वीराः (vīrāḥ) - the courageous ones (heroes, brave ones)

• सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - acting in concert (accompanied, united, together)

• पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - they encircled him (they surrounded)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that (Hanuman) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

महाप्लवगं (mahāplavagaṁ) - the mighty monkey (Hanuman) (great monkey, great leaper)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāplavaga

mahāplavaga - great monkey, great leaper

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+plavaga)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• plavaga – monkey, leaper, frog
  noun (masculine)
  From √plu 'to swim, float' + -ga (suffix for 'going')
  Root: plu (class 1)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (him) (having seen)

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Formed from √dṛś with suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सर्वे (sarve) - all of them (all, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, whole, every

प्लवगयूथपाः (plavagayūthapāḥ) - the chiefs of the monkey army (leaders of monkeys, monkey chiefs)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of plavagayūthapa

plavagayūthapa - leader of a monkey troop, monkey chief

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (plavaga+yūthapa)

• plavaga – monkey, leaper
  noun (masculine)
  Root: plu (class 1)
• yūthapa – leader of a troop, chief
  noun (masculine)
  From yūtha 'troop, herd' + pa 'protector, leader'

समेत्य (sametya) - having assembled (having met, having gathered)

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Formed from √i 'to go' with prefix sam- and suffix -ya (after prefixes)

Prefix: sam

Root: i (class 2)

समरे (samare) - in the ensuing fight (in battle, in conflict)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

वीराः (vīrāḥ) - the courageous ones (heroes, brave ones)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - acting in concert (accompanied, united, together)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sahita

sahita - accompanied, joined, united, together

Past Passive Participle

From sa- 'with' + √dhā 'to place' (via hita, ppp of dhā)

Prefix: sa

Root: dhā (class 3)

पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - they encircled him (they surrounded)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of pari-ava-vṛ

Imperfect tense, 3rd person plural, active voice. From √vṛ 'to cover, to choose' with prefixes pari- and ava-.

Prefixes: pari+ava

Root: vṛ (class 5)