वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-44, verse-30

तं दृष्ट्वा निहतं भूमौ राक्षसेन्द्रमकम्पनम् ।
व्यथिता राक्षसाः सर्वे क्षितिकम्प इव द्रुमाः ॥३०॥

30. taṃ dṛṣṭvā nihataṃ bhūmau rākṣasendramakampanam ,
vyathitā rākṣasāḥ sarve kṣitikampa iva drumāḥ.

30. tam dṛṣṭvā nihatam bhūmau rākṣasāndram akampanam
vyathitāḥ rākṣasāḥ sarve kṣitikampaḥ iva drumāḥ

30. Seeing that demon chief Akampana killed on the ground, all the other demons were agitated, like trees swaying in an earthquake.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• निहतम् (nihatam) - killed, slain

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

• राक्षसान्द्रम् (rākṣasāndram) - the chief of demons

• अकम्पनम् (akampanam) - Akampana (proper name of the demon chief) (Akampana (proper name), unshaken)

• व्यथिताः (vyathitāḥ) - disturbed, distressed, agitated

• राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - the demons

• सर्वे (sarve) - all

• क्षितिकम्पः (kṣitikampaḥ) - earthquake, shaking of the earth

• इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

• द्रुमाः (drumāḥ) - trees

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Akampana.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root dṛś, with suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

निहतम् (nihatam) - killed, slain

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - killed, slain, struck down

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root han with prefix ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with rākṣasāndram and akampanam.

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

राक्षसान्द्रम् (rākṣasāndram) - the chief of demons

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rākṣasāndra

rākṣasāndra - chief of demons, lord of demons

Compound type : tatpurusha (rākṣasa+indra)

• rākṣasa – demon
  noun (masculine)
• indra – lord, chief, foremost
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'seeing'.

अकम्पनम् (akampanam) - Akampana (proper name of the demon chief) (Akampana (proper name), unshaken)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of akampana

akampana - unshaken, firm, immovable (also a proper name)

Note: Proper name for the demon king.

व्यथिताः (vyathitāḥ) - disturbed, distressed, agitated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vyathita

vyathita - disturbed, pained, distressed, agitated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vyath (to be agitated, troubled)

Root: vyath (class 1)

Note: Agrees with rākṣasāḥ.

राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - the demons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, monstrous being

Note: Subject of 'were agitated'.

सर्वे (sarve) - all

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with rākṣasāḥ.

क्षितिकम्पः (kṣitikampaḥ) - earthquake, shaking of the earth

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣitikampa

kṣitikampa - earthquake, tremor of the earth

Compound type : tatpurusha (kṣiti+kampa)

• kṣiti – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• kampa – shaking, trembling
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used in a simile.

इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

(indeclinable)

द्रुमाः (drumāḥ) - trees

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of druma

druma - tree

Note: Part of the simile.