वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-107, verse-17

इदानीं च विजानामि यथा सौम्य सुरेश्वरैः ।
वधार्थं रावणस्येह विहितं पुरुषोत्तमम् ॥१७॥

17. idānīṃ ca vijānāmi yathā saumya sureśvaraiḥ ,
vadhārthaṃ rāvaṇasyeha vihitaṃ puruṣottamam.

17. idānīm ca vijānāmi yathā saumya sura-īśvaraiḥ
vadha-artham rāvaṇasya iha vihitam puruṣa-uttamam

17. ca idānīm saumya,
iha rāvaṇasya vadhārtham sura-īśvaraiḥ puruṣa-uttamam vihitam yathā vijānāmi.

17. And now, O gentle one, I understand how this supreme person (puruṣottama) was ordained here by the lords of the gods (sureśvaraiḥ) for the purpose of Rāvaṇa's demise.

Words meanings summery:

• इदानीम् (idānīm) - now, at this time

• च (ca) - and, also

• विजानामि (vijānāmi) - I know, I understand

• यथा (yathā) - how, as, just as

• सौम्य (saumya) - O gentle one, O mild one

• सुर-ईश्वरैः (sura-īśvaraiḥ) - by the lords of the gods, by the chief gods

• वध-अर्थम् (vadha-artham) - for the demise (for the purpose of killing, for the sake of destruction)

• रावणस्य (rāvaṇasya) - of Rāvaṇa

• इह (iha) - here (in this situation/context) (here, in this world)

• विहितम् (vihitam) - ordained, arranged, appointed, done

• पुरुष-उत्तमम् (puruṣa-uttamam) - the best of men, the supreme person (puruṣa)

Words meanings and morphology

इदानीम् (idānīm) - now, at this time

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

विजानामि (vijānāmi) - I know, I understand

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vijñā

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

यथा (yathā) - how, as, just as

(indeclinable)

सौम्य (saumya) - O gentle one, O mild one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saumya

saumya - gentle, mild, auspicious, lovely

Derived from soma (moon) + -ya; related to Soma or the moon, hence gentle

Note: Addressing Rāma.

सुर-ईश्वरैः (sura-īśvaraiḥ) - by the lords of the gods, by the chief gods

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sureśvara

sureśvara - lord of the gods, chief of the gods

Tatpuruṣa compound: sura (god) + īśvara (lord)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sura+īśvara)

• sura – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler, god
  noun (masculine)

वध-अर्थम् (vadha-artham) - for the demise (for the purpose of killing, for the sake of destruction)

(indeclinable)

Tatpuruṣa compound: vadha (killing, slaying) + artha (purpose, object)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vadha+artha)

• vadha – killing, slaying, destruction
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root han (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)
• artha – purpose, object, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially here to mean 'for the purpose of'.

रावणस्य (rāvaṇasya) - of Rāvaṇa

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (name of the demon king)

इह (iha) - here (in this situation/context) (here, in this world)

(indeclinable)

विहितम् (vihitam) - ordained, arranged, appointed, done

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vihita

vihita - ordained, arranged, performed, enjoined

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dhā with prefix vi- and suffix -kta

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with puruṣottamam.

पुरुष-उत्तमम् (puruṣa-uttamam) - the best of men, the supreme person (puruṣa)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of puruṣottama

puruṣottama - best of men, supreme person (puruṣa)

Tatpuruṣa compound: puruṣa (man, person) + uttama (highest, best)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+uttama)

• puruṣa – man, person, cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – highest, best, supreme
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Refers to Rāma.