वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-45, verse-9

स तस्य वेगं च कपेर्महात्मनः पराक्रमं चारिषु पार्थिवात्मजः ।
विचारयन् खं च बलं महाबलो हिमक्षये सूर्य इवाभिवर्धते ॥९॥

9. sa tasya vegaṃ ca kapermahātmanaḥ parākramaṃ cāriṣu pārthivātmajaḥ ,
vicārayan khaṃ ca balaṃ mahābalo himakṣaye sūrya ivābhivardhate.

9. saḥ tasya vegam ca kapeḥ mahātmanaḥ
parākramam ca ariṣu pārthivātmajaḥ
vicārayan kham ca balam mahābalaḥ
himakṣaye sūryaḥ iva abhivardhate

9. saḥ mahābalaḥ pārthivātmajaḥ tasya
mahātmanaḥ kapeḥ ariṣu vegam ca
parākramam ca kham ca balam ca vicārayan
himakṣaye sūryaḥ iva abhivardhate

9. That greatly powerful son of the king, pondering the speed and valor of that great-souled monkey (kapi) among his enemies, and also considering the sky and his own strength, grew (in resolve), like the sun increases in power at the end of winter.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Akṣa (he, that)

• तस्य (tasya) - of the monkey (Hanuman) (his, of him, of that)

• वेगम् (vegam) - speed, velocity, force

• च (ca) - and, also

• कपेः (kapeḥ) - of the monkey, from the monkey

• महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled one, of the noble one

• पराक्रमम् (parākramam) - valor, prowess, might, heroism

• च (ca) - and, also

• अरिषु (ariṣu) - among enemies, against enemies

• पार्थिवात्मजः (pārthivātmajaḥ) - Akṣa, son of Ravana (son of the king, prince)

• विचारयन् (vicārayan) - pondering, considering, reflecting

• खम् (kham) - sky, atmosphere, space, void

• च (ca) - and, also

• बलम् (balam) - Akṣa's own strength (strength, power, force)

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - greatly powerful, mighty

• हिमक्षये (himakṣaye) - at the end of winter, at the melting of snow

• सूर्यः (sūryaḥ) - sun, sun god

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• अभिवर्धते (abhivardhate) - increases, grows, develops

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Akṣa (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject, refers to Akṣa.

तस्य (tasya) - of the monkey (Hanuman) (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Qualifies vega and parākrama.

वेगम् (vegam) - speed, velocity, force

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, velocity, impulse, force

From root vij (to move swiftly).

Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Object of vicārayan.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

कपेः (kapeḥ) - of the monkey, from the monkey

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kapi

kapi - monkey, ape

Root: kamp (class 1)

Note: Possessive, refers to the monkey Hanuman.

महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled one, of the noble one

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, highly endowed

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (neuter)
  Root: mah (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Qualifies kapeḥ.

पराक्रमम् (parākramam) - valor, prowess, might, heroism

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parākrama

parākrama - valor, prowess, might, heroism, step

From root kram (to step) with prefix parā.

Prefix: parā

Root: kram (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

अरिषु (ariṣu) - among enemies, against enemies

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of ari

ari - enemy, foe

Root: ṛ (class 1)

Note: Locative of place/context.

पार्थिवात्मजः (pārthivātmajaḥ) - Akṣa, son of Ravana (son of the king, prince)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārthivātmaja

pārthivātmaja - son of a king, prince

Compound type : Genitive Tatpurusha (pārthiva+ātmaja)

• pārthiva – king, earthly, relating to the earth
  noun (masculine)
  From pṛthivī (earth) + aṇ suffix.
• ātmaja – son (lit. 'self-born')
  noun (masculine)
  From ātman (self) and jan (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

विचारयन् (vicārayan) - pondering, considering, reflecting

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vicārayat

vicārayat - pondering, considering, examining

Present Active Participle

Causative stem of root car (to move) with prefix vi, plus present active participle suffix śatṛ.

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Describes the subject pārthivātmajaḥ.

खम् (kham) - sky, atmosphere, space, void

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kha

kha - sky, atmosphere, space, void, zero

Note: Object of vicārayan.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

बलम् (balam) - Akṣa's own strength (strength, power, force)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army

Root: bal (class 10)

Note: Object of vicārayan.

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - greatly powerful, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - greatly powerful, mighty, having great strength

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (mahat+bala)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (neuter)
  Root: mah (class 1)
• bala – strength, power, force, army
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bal (class 10)

Note: Qualifies pārthivātmajaḥ.

हिमक्षये (himakṣaye) - at the end of winter, at the melting of snow

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of himakṣaya

himakṣaya - end of winter, melting of snow

Compound type : Genitive Tatpurusha (hima+kṣaya)

• hima – snow, frost, cold, winter
  noun (masculine)
  Root: hi (class 3)
• kṣaya – end, destruction, decay
  noun (masculine)
  From root kṣi (to destroy).
  Root: kṣi (class 5)

Note: Time/condition for the comparison.

सूर्यः (sūryaḥ) - sun, sun god

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - sun, sun god

From root sū (to impel) + rya suffix.

Root: sū (class 1)

Note: Subject of comparison.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

अभिवर्धते (abhivardhate) - increases, grows, develops

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of abhivardh

Present tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice

From root vṛdh (to grow) with prefix abhi.

Prefix: abhi

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.