वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-45, verse-23

स ताञ् शरांस्तस्य विमोक्षयन् कपिश्चचार वीरः पथि वायुसेविते ।
शरान्तरे मारुतवद्विनिष्पतन्मनोजवः संयति चण्डविक्रमः ॥२३॥

23. sa tāñ śarāṃstasya vimokṣayan kapiścacāra vīraḥ pathi vāyusevite ,
śarāntare mārutavadviniṣpatanmanojavaḥ saṃyati caṇḍavikramaḥ.

23. saḥ tān śarān tasya vimokṣayan
kapiḥ cacāra vīraḥ pathi vāyusevite
śarāntare mārutavat viniṣpatan
manojavaḥ saṃyati caṇḍavikramaḥ

23. saḥ vīraḥ kapiḥ tasyā tān śarān vimokṣayan vāyusevite pathi cacāra.
śarāntare mārutavat viniṣpatan manojavaḥ caṇḍavikramaḥ saṃyati [cacāra]

23. That heroic monkey (kapi), Hanuman, avoiding those arrows of his [Akṣa's], moved through the aerial path. Darting between the arrows like the wind, he was swift as thought and of fierce valor in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - He (Hanuman) (he, that)

• तान् (tān) - those (arrows) (those)

• शरान् (śarān) - arrows

• तस्य (tasya) - of him (Akṣakumāra) (his, of him)

• विमोक्षयन् (vimokṣayan) - avoiding, deflecting, causing to miss

• कपिः (kapiḥ) - The monkey (Hanuman) (monkey, ape)

• चचार (cacāra) - moved, roamed, traversed

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - hero, brave one

• पथि (pathi) - on the path

• वायुसेविते (vāyusevite) - frequented by the wind, aerial

• शरान्तरे (śarāntare) - between the arrows, amidst the arrows

• मारुतवत् (mārutavat) - like the wind

• विनिष्पतन् (viniṣpatan) - flying out, darting away

• मनोजवाः (manojavāḥ) - swift as thought

• संयति (saṁyati) - in battle, in conflict

• चण्डविक्रमः (caṇḍavikramaḥ) - of fierce valor, terrible in prowess

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - He (Hanuman) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Hanuman.

तान् (tān) - those (arrows) (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Akṣakumāra's arrows.

शरान् (śarān) - arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Note: Object of vimokṣayan.

तस्य (tasya) - of him (Akṣakumāra) (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Akṣakumāra.

विमोक्षयन् (vimokṣayan) - avoiding, deflecting, causing to miss

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vimokṣayant

vimokṣayant - causing to be released, avoiding, throwing off

Present Active Participle, Causative

From root muc (to release) with prefix vi, causative stem mokṣay.

Prefix: vi

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Qualifies Hanuman.

कपिः (kapiḥ) - The monkey (Hanuman) (monkey, ape)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kapi

kapi - monkey, ape

Note: Refers to Hanuman.

चचार (cacāra) - moved, roamed, traversed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of car

Perfect third singular

Reduplicated perfect form of root car.

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Refers to Hanuman.

वीरः (vīraḥ) - hero, brave one

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, mighty

Note: Qualifies Hanuman.

पथि (pathi) - on the path

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pathin

pathin - path, road, way

Note: Refers to the aerial path.

वायुसेविते (vāyusevite) - frequented by the wind, aerial

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of vāyusevita

vāyusevita - frequented by the wind, served by the wind

Past Passive Participle

Compound formed from 'vāyu' (wind) and 'sevita' (served, frequented), which is PPP of sev.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāyu+sevita)

• vāyu – wind, air
  noun (masculine)
• sevita – served, frequented, resorted to
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root sev.
  Root: sev (class 1)

Note: Qualifies pathi.

शरान्तरे (śarāntare) - between the arrows, amidst the arrows

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of śarāntara

śarāntara - interval between arrows, amidst arrows

Compound of 'śara' (arrow) and 'antara' (interval, middle).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+antara)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• antara – interval, middle, space
  noun (neuter)

Note: Describes where Hanuman moved.

मारुतवत् (mārutavat) - like the wind

(indeclinable)

Suffix 'vat' (like, similar to) added to 'māruta' (wind).

Note: Adverb describing Hanuman's movement.

विनिष्पतन् (viniṣpatan) - flying out, darting away

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viniṣpatant

viniṣpatant - flying out, darting forth, issuing

Present Active Participle

From root pat (to fly, fall) with prefixes vi and ni. The 's' of 'ni' becomes 'ṣ' due to 'i'.

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Hanuman.

मनोजवाः (manojavāḥ) - swift as thought

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of manojavā

manojavā - swift as thought, quick-witted

Bahuvrihi compound: 'whose speed (java) is like thought (manas)'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (manas+java)

• manas – mind, intellect, thought
  noun (neuter)
• java – speed, swiftness
  noun (masculine)
  From root ju (to be quick).
  Root: ju (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Hanuman.

संयति (saṁyati) - in battle, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of saṃyati

saṁyati - battle, war, restraint

From root yam (to restrain, control) with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Context of the combat.

चण्डविक्रमः (caṇḍavikramaḥ) - of fierce valor, terrible in prowess

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of caṇḍavikrama

caṇḍavikrama - of fierce valor, terrible in prowess

Bahuvrihi compound: 'whose valor (vikrama) is fierce (caṇḍa)'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (caṇḍa+vikrama)

• caṇḍa – fierce, violent, terrible
  adjective (masculine)
• vikrama – valor, prowess, might
  noun (masculine)
  From root kram (to step, go) with prefix vi.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Hanuman.