वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-45, verse-24

तमात्तबाणासनमाहवोन्मुखं खमास्तृणन्तं विविधैः शरोत्तमैः ।
अवैक्षताक्षं बहुमानचक्षुषा जगाम चिन्तां च स मारुतात्मजः ॥२४॥

24. tamāttabāṇāsanamāhavonmukhaṃ khamāstṛṇantaṃ vividhaiḥ śarottamaiḥ ,
avaikṣatākṣaṃ bahumānacakṣuṣā jagāma cintāṃ ca sa mārutātmajaḥ.

24. tam āttabāṇāsanam āhavonmukham kham
āstṛṇantam vividhaiḥ śarottamaiḥ
avaikṣata akṣam bahumānacakṣuṣā
jagāma cintām ca saḥ mārutātmajaḥ

24. saḥ mārutātmajaḥ bahumānacakṣuṣā
akṣam tam āttabāṇāsanam āhavonmukham
vividhaiḥ śarottamaiḥ kham
āstṛṇantam avaikṣata ca cintām jagāma

24. The son of Maruta (mārutātmaja), Hanuman, observed Akṣa, who had taken up his bow and was eager for battle, covering the sky with various excellent arrows. He gazed at him with eyes full of respect, and then also experienced worry.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - Him (Akṣakumāra) (him)

• आत्तबाणासनम् (āttabāṇāsanam) - who had taken up his bow, with drawn bow

• आहवोन्मुखम् (āhavonmukham) - facing the battle, eager for battle

• खम् (kham) - sky, space

• आस्तृणन्तम् (āstṛṇantam) - covering, strewing, spreading

• विविधैः (vividhaiḥ) - with various, diverse

• शरोत्तमैः (śarottamaiḥ) - with excellent arrows, with the best arrows

• अवैक्षत (avaikṣata) - he saw, he observed, he gazed

• अक्षम् (akṣam) - Prince Akṣa, son of Ravana (Akṣa (name))

• बहुमानचक्षुषा (bahumānacakṣuṣā) - with eyes full of respect/admiration

• जगाम (jagāma) - he went, he attained, he experienced

• चिन्ताम् (cintām) - worry, thought, anxiety

• च (ca) - and, also

• सः (saḥ) - He (Hanuman) (he, that)

• मारुतात्मजः (mārutātmajaḥ) - Hanuman (son of Maruta, son of the wind god)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - Him (Akṣakumāra) (him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Akṣakumāra.

आत्तबाणासनम् (āttabāṇāsanam) - who had taken up his bow, with drawn bow

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āttabāṇāsana

āttabāṇāsana - one who has taken up his bow, having a drawn bow

Bahuvrihi compound: 'whose bow (bāṇāsana) is taken (ātta)'. 'ātta' is PPP of ā-dā.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (ātta+bāṇāsana)

• ātta – taken, seized, received
  participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root dā (to give, take) with prefix ā.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: dā (class 3)
• bāṇāsana – bow (lit. arrow-seat)
  noun (neuter)
  Compound of bāṇa (arrow) and āsana (seat).

Note: Qualifies Akṣakumāra.

आहवोन्मुखम् (āhavonmukham) - facing the battle, eager for battle

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āhavonmukha

āhavonmukha - facing battle, eager for battle, with face turned towards battle

Tatpuruṣa compound of 'āhava' (battle) and 'unmukha' (facing, eager).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āhava+unmukha)

• āhava – battle, war, conflict
  noun (masculine)
  From root hve (to call) with prefix ā.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hve (class 1)
• unmukha – facing, eager, having face turned up/forward
  adjective (masculine)
  From root mukha (face) with prefix ud.
  Prefix: ud

Note: Qualifies Akṣakumāra.

खम् (kham) - sky, space

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kha

kha - sky, ether, space

Note: Object of āstṛṇantam.

आस्तृणन्तम् (āstṛṇantam) - covering, strewing, spreading

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āstṛṇant

āstṛṇant - covering, strewing over, spreading

Present Active Participle

From root stṛ (to spread, strew) with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: stṛ (class 5)

Note: Qualifies Akṣakumāra.

विविधैः (vividhaiḥ) - with various, diverse

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vividha

vividha - various, manifold, diverse

Compound of 'vi' (prefix, various) and 'vidha' (kind, sort).

Compound type : prādi samāsa (vi+vidha)

• vi – apart, distinct, various
  indeclinable
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies śarottamaiḥ.

शरोत्तमैः (śarottamaiḥ) - with excellent arrows, with the best arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śarottama

śarottama - excellent arrow, best arrow

Tatpuruṣa compound of 'śara' (arrow) and 'uttama' (best, excellent).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+uttama)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, highest, excellent
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Instrument for covering the sky.

अवैक्षत (avaikṣata) - he saw, he observed, he gazed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of avalok

Imperfect third singular

From root īkṣ (to see) with prefix ava.

Prefix: ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject is Hanuman.

अक्षम् (akṣam) - Prince Akṣa, son of Ravana (Akṣa (name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of akṣa

akṣa - Akṣa (proper noun), axle, die (for gambling)

Note: Object of avaikṣata.

बहुमानचक्षुषा (bahumānacakṣuṣā) - with eyes full of respect/admiration

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of bahumānacakṣus

bahumānacakṣus - eyes full of respect, eyes of great reverence

Tatpuruṣa compound of 'bahumāna' (great respect) and 'cakṣus' (eye).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bahumāna+cakṣus)

• bahumāna – great respect, high esteem
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of bahu (much) and māna (respect).
• cakṣus – eye, sight
  noun (neuter)

Note: Instrument through which Hanuman saw.

जगाम (jagāma) - he went, he attained, he experienced

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of gam

Perfect third singular

Reduplicated perfect form of root gam.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Subject is Hanuman.

चिन्ताम् (cintām) - worry, thought, anxiety

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of cintā

cintā - thought, consideration, worry, anxiety

From root cit (to think).

Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Object of jagāma.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - He (Hanuman) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Hanuman.

मारुतात्मजः (mārutātmajaḥ) - Hanuman (son of Maruta, son of the wind god)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mārutātmaja

mārutātmaja - son of Maruta (the wind god), born of the wind

Tatpuruṣa compound of 'māruta' (wind god) and 'ātmaja' (self-born, son).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (māruta+ātmaja)

• māruta – wind, wind god
  noun (masculine)
• ātmaja – son, self-born
  noun (masculine)
  From ātman (self) + ja (born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Refers to Hanuman.