वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-45, verse-19

ततः कपिस्तं रणचण्डविक्रमं विवृद्धतेजोबलवीर्यसायकम् ।
कुमारमक्षं प्रसमीक्ष्य संयुगे ननाद हर्षाद्घनतुल्यविक्रमः ॥१९॥

19. tataḥ kapistaṃ raṇacaṇḍavikramaṃ vivṛddhatejobalavīryasāyakam ,
kumāramakṣaṃ prasamīkṣya saṃyuge nanāda harṣādghanatulyavikramaḥ.

19. tataḥ kapiḥ tam raṇacaṇḍavikramam
vivṛddhatejobalavīryasāyakam
kumāram akṣam prasamīkṣya saṃyuge
nanāda harṣāt ghanatulyavikramaḥ

19. Then, the monkey (kapi), Hanumān, having thoroughly observed in battle that young prince Akṣa — who displayed fierce valor in combat and whose energy, strength, and courage were augmented by his arrows — roared with joy, his own prowess like a thunderous cloud.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (indicating sequence) (then, thence, from that)

• कपिः (kapiḥ) - the monkey Hanumān (monkey)

• तम् (tam) - him (Akṣa Kumāra) (him, that)

• रणचण्डविक्रमम् (raṇacaṇḍavikramam) - displaying fierce valor in combat (having fierce valor in battle)

• विवृद्धतेजोबलवीर्यसायकम् (vivṛddhatejobalavīryasāyakam) - whose energy, strength, and courage were augmented by his arrows (whose splendor, strength, and valor are increased by arrows; or whose splendor, strength, and valor are like arrows.)

• कुमारम् (kumāram) - young prince (young prince, boy)

• अक्षम् (akṣam) - Akṣa (Kumāra) (Akṣa (proper name))

• प्रसमीक्ष्य (prasamīkṣya) - having thoroughly observed (having seen, having observed thoroughly)

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle (in battle, in combat)

• ननाद (nanāda) - roared (loudly) (roared, shouted)

• हर्षात् (harṣāt) - with joy (from joy, with joy, out of delight)

• घनतुल्यविक्रमः (ghanatulyavikramaḥ) - whose prowess was like a thunderous cloud (whose prowess is like a cloud, having cloud-like valor)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (indicating sequence) (then, thence, from that)

(indeclinable)

ablative of demonstrative pronoun `tad` + suffix `tas`; used adverbially.

कपिः (kapiḥ) - the monkey Hanumān (monkey)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kapi

kapi - monkey

तम् (tam) - him (Akṣa Kumāra) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Original form is `tam`.

रणचण्डविक्रमम् (raṇacaṇḍavikramam) - displaying fierce valor in combat (having fierce valor in battle)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of raṇacaṇḍavikrama

raṇacaṇḍavikrama - fierce-valiant in battle

Compound describing Akṣa.

Compound type : tatpurusha (raṇa+caṇḍa+vikrama)

• raṇa – battle, fight, war
  noun (masculine)
  Root: raṇ (class 1)
• caṇḍa – fierce, violent, passionate
  adjective (masculine)
• vikrama – valor, prowess, mighty step
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kram (class 1)

विवृद्धतेजोबलवीर्यसायकम् (vivṛddhatejobalavīryasāyakam) - whose energy, strength, and courage were augmented by his arrows (whose splendor, strength, and valor are increased by arrows; or whose splendor, strength, and valor are like arrows.)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vivṛddhatejobalavīryasāyaka

vivṛddhatejobalavīryasāyaka - having increased splendor, strength, and valor through arrows

A compound describing Akṣa.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vivṛddha+tejas+bala+vīrya+sāyaka)

• vivṛddha – increased, grown, augmented
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From `vṛdh` with `vi` prefix
  Prefix: vi
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)
• tejas – splendor, energy, vital power
  noun (neuter)
• bala – strength, power
  noun (neuter)
• vīrya – valor, courage, potency
  noun (neuter)
• sāyaka – arrow
  noun (masculine)
  From root `si` (to bind) or `sā` (to go)

कुमारम् (kumāram) - young prince (young prince, boy)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kumāra

kumāra - young boy, prince, son, youth

अक्षम् (akṣam) - Akṣa (Kumāra) (Akṣa (proper name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of akṣa

akṣa - Akṣa (proper name); also eye, dice, axle, unit of weight

प्रसमीक्ष्य (prasamīkṣya) - having thoroughly observed (having seen, having observed thoroughly)

(indeclinable)

gerund (absolutive)

Gerund from root `īkṣ` with prefixes `pra` and `sam`.

Prefixes: pra+sam

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: The form is `prasamīkṣya`, which is a gerund.

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle (in battle, in combat)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, war, encounter

`sam` (together) + `yuga` (yoke, pair, age). In battle, forces are joined.

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)

ननाद (nanāda) - roared (loudly) (roared, shouted)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of nad

perfect active (lit)

3rd person singular, perfect active

Root: nad (class 1)

हर्षात् (harṣāt) - with joy (from joy, with joy, out of delight)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of harṣa

harṣa - joy, delight, happiness

From root `hṛṣ` (to be excited, glad)

Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

घनतुल्यविक्रमः (ghanatulyavikramaḥ) - whose prowess was like a thunderous cloud (whose prowess is like a cloud, having cloud-like valor)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ghanatulyavikrama

ghanatulyavikrama - having prowess equal to a cloud, cloud-like valor

`ghana` (cloud) + `tulya` (equal) + `vikrama` (prowess).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ghana+tulya+vikrama)

• ghana – cloud, dense, compact
  noun (masculine)
  Root: han (class 2)
• tulya – equal, similar, like
  adjective (masculine)
  From `tulā` (balance)
• vikrama – valor, prowess, mighty step
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kram (class 1)