वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-45, verse-31

स तस्य तानष्टहयान्महाजवान् समाहितान्भारसहान् विवर्तने ।
जघान वीरः पथि वायुसेविते तलप्रहालैः पवनात्मजः कपिः ॥३१॥

31. sa tasya tānaṣṭahayānmahājavān samāhitānbhārasahān vivartane ,
jaghāna vīraḥ pathi vāyusevite talaprahālaiḥ pavanātmajaḥ kapiḥ.

31. saḥ tasya tān aṣṭahayān mahājavān
samāhitān bhārasahān vivartane
jaghāna vīraḥ pathi vāyusevite
talaprahālaiḥ pavanātmajaḥ kapiḥ

31. saḥ vīraḥ pavanātmajaḥ kapiḥ tasya
tān aṣṭahayān mahājavān samāhitān
bhārasahān vivartane vāyusevite
pathi talaprahālaiḥ jaghāna

31. The heroic monkey, son of the wind god (Hanuman), struck down those eight extremely swift horses belonging to him (Indrajit) – horses that were well-trained, capable of bearing heavy loads, and resilient in turning – with blows of his palm on the path frequented by the wind.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Hanuman (he, that (person))

• तस्य (tasya) - of Indrajit (of him, of that)

• तान् (tān) - those horses (those)

• अष्टहयान् (aṣṭahayān) - eight horses

• महाजवान् (mahājavān) - very swift, extremely fast

• समाहितान् (samāhitān) - well-trained, collected, concentrated

• भारसहान् (bhārasahān) - capable of bearing loads, enduring burdens

• विवर्तने (vivartane) - in turning, in revolving, in maneuvers

• जघान (jaghāna) - he struck, he killed

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - hero, heroic

• पथि (pathi) - on the path, on the road

• वायुसेविते (vāyusevite) - frequented by wind, traversed by wind

• तलप्रहालैः (talaprahālaiḥ) - with blows of the palm of the hand

• पवनात्मजः (pavanātmajaḥ) - Hanuman (son of Pavana (the wind god))

• कपिः (kapiḥ) - Hanuman (monkey, ape)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Hanuman (he, that (person))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तस्य (tasya) - of Indrajit (of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तान् (tān) - those horses (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

अष्टहयान् (aṣṭahayān) - eight horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of aṣṭahaya

aṣṭahaya - eight horses

Compound type : dvigu (aṣṭan+haya)

• aṣṭan – eight
  numeral
• haya – horse
  noun (masculine)

महाजवान् (mahājavān) - very swift, extremely fast

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mahājava

mahājava - very swift, extremely fast

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahat+java)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective
• java – speed, swiftness
  noun (masculine)
  From √jū (to be swift)
  Root: jū (class 1)

समाहितान् (samāhitān) - well-trained, collected, concentrated

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of samāhita

samāhita - collected, composed, well-trained, fixed, concentrated

Past Passive Participle

From sam-ā- + √dhā (to place, fix)

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

भारसहान् (bhārasahān) - capable of bearing loads, enduring burdens

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhārasaha

bhārasaha - load-bearing, enduring burdens

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhāra+saha)

• bhāra – load, weight, burden
  noun (masculine)
  From √bhṛ (to bear)
  Root: bhṛ (class 1)
• saha – bearing, enduring, tolerant
  adjective (masculine)
  From √sah (to endure)
  Root: sah (class 1)

विवर्तने (vivartane) - in turning, in revolving, in maneuvers

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vivartana

vivartana - turning, revolving, transformation, maneuver

From vi- + √vṛt (to turn)

Prefix: vi

Root: vṛt (class 1)

जघान (jaghāna) - he struck, he killed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Perfect (liṭ) of han

Perfect Tense

3rd person singular, Perfect Active, Parasmaipada of √han

Root: han (class 2)

वीरः (vīraḥ) - hero, heroic

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, valorous

पथि (pathi) - on the path, on the road

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pathin

pathin - path, road, way

वायुसेविते (vāyusevite) - frequented by wind, traversed by wind

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of vāyusevita

vāyusevita - frequented by wind, served by wind

Past Passive Participle

Compound type : tatpurusha (vāyu+sevita)

• vāyu – wind, wind-god
  noun (masculine)
• sevita – served, frequented, honored
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √sev (to serve, frequent)
  Root: sev (class 1)

तलप्रहालैः (talaprahālaiḥ) - with blows of the palm of the hand

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of talaprahāla

talaprahāla - blow of the palm, slap

From pra- + √hal (to move violently), or variant of prahāra from pra- + √hṛ (to strike)

Compound type : tatpurusha (tala+prahāla)

• tala – palm of the hand, sole of the foot
  noun (neuter)
• prahāla – blow, stroke (variant of prahāra)
  noun (masculine)
  From pra- + √hal (to move violently), or variant of prahāra from pra- + √hṛ (to strike)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

पवनात्मजः (pavanātmajaḥ) - Hanuman (son of Pavana (the wind god))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pavanātmaja

pavanātmaja - son of Pavana (the wind god), Hanuman

Compound type : tatpurusha (pavana+ātmaja)

• pavana – wind, god of wind
  noun (masculine)
  From √pu (to purify)
  Root: pu (class 1)
• ātmaja – son, self-born
  noun (masculine)
  From ātman + √jan (to be born) + -ḍa suffix
  Root: jan (class 4)

कपिः (kapiḥ) - Hanuman (monkey, ape)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kapi

kapi - monkey, ape