वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-20, verse-38

मया क्रीड महाराजसीतया किं तवानया ।
अकामां कामयानस्य शरीरमुपतप्यते ।
इच्छन्तीं कामयानस्य प्रीतिर्भवति शोभना ॥३८॥

38. mayā krīḍa mahārājasītayā kiṃ tavānayā ,
akāmāṃ kāmayānasya śarīramupatapyate ,
icchantīṃ kāmayānasya prītirbhavati śobhanā.

38. mayā krīḍa mahārāja sītayā kim
tava anayā akāmām kāmayānasya
śarīram upatapyate icchantīm
kāmayānasya prītiḥ bhavati śobhanā

38. mahārāja mayā krīḍa tava anayā
sītayā kim akāmām kāmayānasya
śarīram upatapyate icchantīm
kāmayānasya śobhanā prītiḥ bhavati

38. O great king, play with me! What is the use of this Sītā to you? The body of one desiring an unwilling woman is afflicted. But for one desiring a willing woman, excellent pleasure arises.

Words meanings summery:

• मया (mayā) - with me, by me

• क्रीड (krīḍa) - play, sport

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• सीतया (sītayā) - with Sītā

• किम् (kim) - what, why, what for

• तव (tava) - your, to you

• अनया (anayā) - with Sītā (with her, by her (feminine))

• अकामाम् (akāmām) - unwilling, not desirous, reluctant

• कामयानस्य (kāmayānasya) - of one desiring, of one loving

• शरीरम् (śarīram) - body

• उपतप्यते (upatapyate) - is afflicted, suffers, is tormented

• इच्छन्तीम् (icchantīm) - desiring, willing (feminine)

• कामयानस्य (kāmayānasya) - of one desiring, of one loving

• प्रीतिः (prītiḥ) - pleasure, delight, satisfaction

• भवति (bhavati) - is, becomes, arises

• शोभना (śobhanā) - beautiful, excellent, good, splendid

Words meanings and morphology

मया (mayā) - with me, by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I, myself

First person singular pronoun.

Note: Refers to Dhānyamālinī.

क्रीड (krīḍa) - play, sport

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of krīḍ

Imperative

Root √krīḍ (1st class, krīḍati). Imperative 2nd person singular, active voice.

Root: krīḍ (class 1)

Note: Subject is implied 'you' (Rāvaṇa).

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound of mahā (great) and rāja (king).

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to Rāvaṇa.

सीतया (sītayā) - with Sītā

(proper noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sītā (proper name)

Note: Used in conjunction with anayā and kim.

किम् (kim) - what, why, what for

(indeclinable)

तव (tava) - your, to you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tva

tva - you (singular)

Second person singular pronoun.

Note: Possessive, 'to you' or 'for you'.

अनया (anayā) - with Sītā (with her, by her (feminine))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, that (feminine instrumental singular)

Feminine instrumental singular of the demonstrative pronoun idam.

अकामाम् (akāmām) - unwilling, not desirous, reluctant

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of akāma

akāma - not desirous, unwilling, reluctant

Negative compound of a (not) + kāma (desire).

Note: Qualifies an implied 'woman' or 'her'.

कामयानस्य (kāmayānasya) - of one desiring, of one loving

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kāmayāna

kāmayāna - desiring, loving

Present Active Participle (Ātmanepada)

Derived from denominative verb kāmaya (from kāma, to desire) with suffix śānac.

Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Refers to the male person who desires.

शरीरम् (śarīram) - body

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śarīra

śarīra - body, corporeal frame

Root: śṝ (class 9)

Note: Subject of upatapyate.

उपतप्यते (upatapyate) - is afflicted, suffers, is tormented

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of tap

Present

Root √tap (1st class, tapati). Present 3rd person singular, passive voice, with prefix upa.

Prefix: upa

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Subject is śarīram.

इच्छन्तीम् (icchantīm) - desiring, willing (feminine)

(participle)

Accusative, feminine, singular of icchant

icchant - desiring, wishing, willing

Present Active Participle (Parasmaipada)

Derived from root √iṣ (6th class, icchati). Feminine stem icchantī.

Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Qualifies an implied 'woman' or 'her'.

कामयानस्य (kāmayānasya) - of one desiring, of one loving

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kāmayāna

kāmayāna - desiring, loving

Present Active Participle (Ātmanepada)

Derived from denominative verb kāmaya (from kāma, to desire) with suffix śānac.

Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Refers to the male person who desires.

प्रीतिः (prītiḥ) - pleasure, delight, satisfaction

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prīti

prīti - pleasure, delight, satisfaction, love

Derived from root √prī (to please, to love).

Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Subject of bhavati.

भवति (bhavati) - is, becomes, arises

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Present

Root √bhū (1st class, bhavati). Present 3rd person singular, active voice.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject is prītiḥ.

शोभना (śobhanā) - beautiful, excellent, good, splendid

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śobhana

śobhana - beautiful, excellent, splendid, good

Derived from root √śubh (1st class, śobhate).

Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies prītiḥ.