वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-20, verse-23

सीताया वचनं श्रुत्वा रावणो राक्षसाधिपः ।
विवृत्य नयने क्रूरे जानकीमन्ववैक्षत ॥२३॥

23. sītāyā vacanaṃ śrutvā rāvaṇo rākṣasādhipaḥ ,
vivṛtya nayane krūre jānakīmanvavaikṣata.

23. sītāyāḥ vacanam śrutvā rāvaṇaḥ rākṣasādhipaḥ
vivṛtya nayane krūre jānakīm anvavaikṣata

23. sītāyāḥ vacanam śrutvā rākṣasādhipaḥ rāvaṇaḥ
krūre nayane vivṛtya jānakīm anvavaikṣata

23. Having heard Sita's words, Ravana, the king of the rākṣasas, opened his cruel eyes and looked at Janaki.

Words meanings summery:

• सीतायाः (sītāyāḥ) - of Sita

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Ravana

• राक्षसाधिपः (rākṣasādhipaḥ) - king of rākṣasas, lord of demons

• विवृत्य (vivṛtya) - having opened wide, having uncovered

• नयने (nayane) - eyes (dual)

• क्रूरे (krūre) - cruel, fierce (dual)

• जानकीम् (jānakīm) - Sita (Janaki (daughter of Janaka))

• अन्ववैक्षत (anvavaikṣata) - looked at, observed

Words meanings and morphology

सीतायाः (sītāyāḥ) - of Sita

(proper noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sita (daughter of Janaka)

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, saying

Root: vac (class 2)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Absolutive (gerund) form of the verb śru

Root: śru (class 5)

रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Ravana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Ravana (the demon king)

राक्षसाधिपः (rākṣasādhipaḥ) - king of rākṣasas, lord of demons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rākṣasādhipa

rākṣasādhipa - lord of rākṣasas, king of demons

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rākṣasa+adhipa)

• rākṣasa – a rākṣasa, a demon
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – lord, ruler, king
  noun (masculine)

विवृत्य (vivṛtya) - having opened wide, having uncovered

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Absolutive (gerund) form of the verb 'vi-vṛt'

Prefix: vi

Root: vṛt (class 1)

नयने (nayane) - eyes (dual)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, dual of nayana

nayana - eye, leading, guiding

Root: nī (class 1)

क्रूरे (krūre) - cruel, fierce (dual)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, dual of krūra

krūra - cruel, fierce, harsh, dreadful

जानकीम् (jānakīm) - Sita (Janaki (daughter of Janaka))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of jānakī

jānakī - Janaki (daughter of Janaka, an epithet of Sita)

अन्ववैक्षत (anvavaikṣata) - looked at, observed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of anvavaikṣata

Imperfect tense, middle voice, 3rd person singular with prefixes 'anu' and 'ava'

Prefixes: anu+ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

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