वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-20, verse-19

तस्य धर्मात्मनः पत्नीं स्नुषां दशरथस्य च ।
कथं व्याहरतो मां ते न जिह्वा पाप शीर्यते ॥१९॥

19. tasya dharmātmanaḥ patnīṃ snuṣāṃ daśarathasya ca ,
kathaṃ vyāharato māṃ te na jihvā pāpa śīryate.

19. tasya dharmātmanaḥ patnīm snuṣām daśarathasya ca
katham vyāharataḥ mām te na jihvā pāpa śīryate

19. he pāpa,
tasya dharmātmanaḥ daśarathasya ca snuṣām patnīm mām vyāharataḥ te jihvā katham na śīryate?

19. O sinful one, how is it that your tongue does not split as you speak to me, the wife of that righteous-souled (dharma) Rāma and the daughter-in-law of Daśaratha?

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of him, of that

• धर्मात्मनः (dharmātmanaḥ) - of the righteous-souled (dharma) Rāma (of the righteous-souled one, of the virtuous one)

• पत्नीम् (patnīm) - wife

• स्नुषाम् (snuṣām) - daughter-in-law

• दशरथस्य (daśarathasya) - of Daśaratha

• च (ca) - and, also

• कथम् (katham) - how, why

• व्याहरतः (vyāharataḥ) - while you speak (speaking, uttering, addressing)

• माम् (mām) - me

• ते (te) - your, of you

• न (na) - not, no

• जिह्वा (jihvā) - tongue

• पाप (pāpa) - O sinful one, O wicked one

• शीर्यते (śīryate) - splits, breaks apart, falls to pieces

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - his, of him, of that

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

धर्मात्मनः (dharmātmanaḥ) - of the righteous-souled (dharma) Rāma (of the righteous-souled one, of the virtuous one)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharmātman

dharmātman - righteous-souled, virtuous, pious

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dharma+ātman)

• dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue, justice
  noun (masculine)
• ātman – soul, self, spirit, essence, breath
  noun (masculine)

पत्नीम् (patnīm) - wife

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of patnī

patnī - wife, mistress of a house, female owner

स्नुषाम् (snuṣām) - daughter-in-law

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of snuṣā

snuṣā - daughter-in-law

दशरथस्य (daśarathasya) - of Daśaratha

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of daśaratha

daśaratha - Daśaratha (name of a famous king of Ayodhyā, father of Rāma)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

कथम् (katham) - how, why

(indeclinable)

व्याहरतः (vyāharataḥ) - while you speak (speaking, uttering, addressing)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vyāharat

vyāharat - speaking, uttering, addressing, proclaiming

Present Active Participle

Derived from root hṛ (to carry, offer) with prefixes vi and ā

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

ते (te) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

जिह्वा (jihvā) - tongue

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jihvā

jihvā - tongue, language, speech

पाप (pāpa) - O sinful one, O wicked one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pāpa

pāpa - sinful, wicked, evil, bad

शीर्यते (śīryate) - splits, breaks apart, falls to pieces

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of śīry

present passive/intransitive

Derived from root śṝ (9th class), often used in passive or middle voice with intransitive meaning

Root: śṝ (class 9)