वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-20, verse-10

तां तर्ज्यमानां संप्रेक्ष्य राक्षसेन्द्रेण जानकीम् ।
देवगन्धर्वकन्यास्ता विषेदुर्विपुलेक्षणाः ॥१०॥

10. tāṃ tarjyamānāṃ saṃprekṣya rākṣasendreṇa jānakīm ,
devagandharvakanyāstā viṣedurvipulekṣaṇāḥ.

10. tām tarjyamānām samprekṣya rākṣasendreṇa jānakīm
devagandharvakanyāḥ tāḥ viṣeduḥ vipulekṣaṇāḥ

10. rākṣasendreṇa tarjyamānām tām jānakīm samprekṣya
tāḥ devagandharvakanyāḥ vipulekṣaṇāḥ viṣeduḥ

10. Having seen Jānakī being threatened by the king of the rākṣasas, those goddesses and gandharva maidens with large eyes became distressed.

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - her (Jānakī) (her, that)

• तर्ज्यमानाम् (tarjyamānām) - being threatened, being intimidated

• सम्प्रेक्ष्य (samprekṣya) - having seen, having observed

• राक्षसेन्द्रेण (rākṣasendreṇa) - by Rāvaṇa, the king of the rākṣasas (by the king of rākṣasas)

• जानकीम् (jānakīm) - Jānakī (Sītā)

• देवगन्धर्वकन्याः (devagandharvakanyāḥ) - daughters of gods and gandharvas, goddesses and gandharva maidens

• ताः (tāḥ) - those, they (feminine)

• विषेदुः (viṣeduḥ) - they became sad, they grieved, they were distressed

• विपुलेक्षणाः (vipulekṣaṇāḥ) - large-eyed, having wide eyes

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - her (Jānakī) (her, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Refers to Jānakī, object of 'samprekṣya' and modifies 'tarjyamānām'.

तर्ज्यमानाम् (tarjyamānām) - being threatened, being intimidated

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tarjyamāna

tarjyamāna - being threatened, being intimidated

Present Passive Participle

Formed from √tarj (to threaten) + -yamāna suffix

Root: tarj (class 10)

Note: Modifies 'Jānakīm'.

सम्प्रेक्ष्य (samprekṣya) - having seen, having observed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from sam-pra-√īkṣ (to see, observe) + -ya suffix

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Refers to the action of the 'devagandharvakanyāḥ' before they became sad.

राक्षसेन्द्रेण (rākṣasendreṇa) - by Rāvaṇa, the king of the rākṣasas (by the king of rākṣasas)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rākṣasendra

rākṣasendra - king of rākṣasas, chief of demons

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rākṣasa+indra)

• rākṣasa – demon, rākṣasa
  noun (masculine)
• indra – lord, chief, king (name of a deity)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'tarjyamānām'.

जानकीम् (jānakīm) - Jānakī (Sītā)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of jānakī

jānakī - Jānakī (daughter of Janaka, Sītā)

Patronymic of Janaka

Note: Direct object of 'samprekṣya'.

देवगन्धर्वकन्याः (devagandharvakanyāḥ) - daughters of gods and gandharvas, goddesses and gandharva maidens

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of devagandharvakanyā

devagandharvakanyā - daughter of a god and gandharva, a goddess-gandharva maiden

Compound type : dvandva/tatpuruṣa (deva+gandharva+kanyā)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• gandharva – celestial musician, gandharva
  noun (masculine)
• kanyā – maiden, daughter
  noun (feminine)

Note: Subject of 'viṣeduḥ'.

ताः (tāḥ) - those, they (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Demonstrative pronoun modifying 'devagandharvakanyāḥ'.

विषेदुः (viṣeduḥ) - they became sad, they grieved, they were distressed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of vi-sad

Perfect

Third person plural, active voice, perfect tense

Prefix: vi

Root: sad (class 1)

विपुलेक्षणाः (vipulekṣaṇāḥ) - large-eyed, having wide eyes

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vipulekṣaṇa

vipulekṣaṇa - large-eyed, having wide eyes

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vipula+īkṣaṇa)

• vipula – large, extensive, wide
  adjective (masculine)
• īkṣaṇa – eye, seeing
  noun (neuter)
  Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'devagandharvakanyāḥ'.