वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-17, verse-41

सुग्रीवप्रियकामेन यदहं निहतस्त्वया ।
कण्ठे बद्ध्वा प्रदद्यां ते ऽनिहतं रावणं रणे ॥४१॥

41. sugrīvapriyakāmena yadahaṃ nihatastvayā ,
kaṇṭhe baddhvā pradadyāṃ te'nihataṃ rāvaṇaṃ raṇe.

41. sugrīvapriyakāmena yat aham nihataḥ tvayā kaṇṭhe
baddhvā pradadyām te anihataṃ rāvaṇam raṇe

41. yat tvayā sugrīvapriyakāmena aham nihataḥ (tasmāt)
kaṇṭhe baddhvā anihataṃ rāvaṇam raṇe te pradadyām

41. Because I was slain by you, out of your desire for Sugrīva's welfare, I would have seized the unslain Rāvaṇa by the neck and handed him over to you in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• सुग्रीवप्रियकामेन (sugrīvapriyakāmena) - by you, who desired Sugrīva's welfare (by one desirous of Sugrīva's welfare, by one who desires Sugrīva as dear)

• यत् (yat) - because (that, which, because, since)

• अहम् (aham) - I (Vāli) (I)

• निहतः (nihataḥ) - slain (killed, slain, struck down)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you, Rāma (by you)

• कण्ठे (kaṇṭhe) - by the neck (in the neck, by the neck)

• बद्ध्वा (baddhvā) - having bound (having bound, having tied)

• प्रदद्याम् (pradadyām) - I would hand over (I would give, I should give)

• ते (te) - to you (Rāma) (to you, your)

• अनिहतं (anihataṁ) - unslain (unslain, alive, unharmed)

• रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - Rāvaṇa (proper noun) (Rāvaṇa)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

Words meanings and morphology

सुग्रीवप्रियकामेन (sugrīvapriyakāmena) - by you, who desired Sugrīva's welfare (by one desirous of Sugrīva's welfare, by one who desires Sugrīva as dear)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sugrīvapriyakāma

sugrīvapriyakāma - desiring the welfare of Sugrīva; having Sugrīva as dear

Bahuvrihi compound: 'one whose desire is Sugrīva's belovedness/welfare'

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sugrīva+priya+kāma)

• sugrīva – Sugrīva (name of a monkey king)
  proper noun (masculine)
• priya – dear, beloved, pleasing, welfare
  adjective (masculine)
• kāma – desire, wish, love
  noun (masculine)
  From root kam (to desire)
  Root: kam (class 1)

यत् (yat) - because (that, which, because, since)

(indeclinable)

Neutral singular of yad (relative pronoun) used as a conjunction

अहम् (aham) - I (Vāli) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject of 'nihataḥ'.

निहतः (nihataḥ) - slain (killed, slain, struck down)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - killed, slain, struck down, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From ni- + root han (to strike, kill)

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'aham'.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you, Rāma (by you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Agent of the action 'nihataḥ'.

कण्ठे (kaṇṭhe) - by the neck (in the neck, by the neck)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kaṇṭha

kaṇṭha - neck, throat

बद्ध्वा (baddhvā) - having bound (having bound, having tied)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root bandh (to bind) + -tvā suffix

Root: bandh (class 9)

प्रदद्याम् (pradadyām) - I would hand over (I would give, I should give)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of pradā

Optative Mood

From pra- + root dā (to give)

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

ते (te) - to you (Rāma) (to you, your)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Recipient of the giving ('pradadyām').

अनिहतं (anihataṁ) - unslain (unslain, alive, unharmed)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anihata

anihata - unslain, not killed, unharmed, alive

From an- (not) + nihata (slain, Past Passive Participle of ni-han)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+nihata)

• an – not, non-
  indeclinable
• nihata – killed, slain
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From ni- + root han
  Prefix: ni
  Root: han (class 2)

रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - Rāvaṇa (proper noun) (Rāvaṇa)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (name of the demon king of Laṅkā)

Derived from root ru (to cry out, roar)

Root: ru (class 2)

Note: Object of 'pradadyām'.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, conflict, fight

From root raṇ (to sound, to delight, to go)

Root: raṇ (class 1)

Note: Location of the action.

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