वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-17, verse-3

तस्मिन्निपतिते भूमौ हर्यृषाणां गणेश्वरे ।
नष्टचन्द्रमिव व्योम न व्यराजत भूतलम् ॥३॥

3. tasminnipatite bhūmau haryṛṣāṇāṃ gaṇeśvare ,
naṣṭacandramiva vyoma na vyarājata bhūtalam.

3. tasmin nipatite bhūmau haryṛṣāṇām gaṇeśvare
naṣṭacandram iva vyoma na vyarājata bhūtalam

3. tasmin haryṛṣāṇām gaṇeśvare bhūmau nipatite
bhūtalam na vyarājata naṣṭacandram vyoma iva

3. When that chief of the monkey lords fell to the ground, the surface of the earth did not shine, just like the sky without the moon.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - when that (Vali) (in him, when he, at that)

• निपतिते (nipatite) - fallen (fallen, descended)

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground (on the ground, on the earth)

• हर्यृषाणाम् (haryṛṣāṇām) - of the monkey chiefs (of the monkey chiefs/lords)

• गणेश्वरे (gaṇeśvare) - in the chief of the hosts (Vali) (in the lord of the hosts, in the chief of the group)

• नष्टचन्द्रम् (naṣṭacandram) - having lost its moon (having lost its moon, moonless)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• व्योम (vyoma) - sky (sky, atmosphere)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• व्यराजत (vyarājata) - shone (shone, was radiant, was splendid)

• भूतलम् (bhūtalam) - the surface of the earth (surface of the earth, ground)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - when that (Vali) (in him, when he, at that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Locative masculine singular of 'tad'

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction, 'tasmin ... nipatite' meaning 'when he had fallen'.

निपतिते (nipatite) - fallen (fallen, descended)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of nipatita

nipatita - fallen, descended

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √pat (to fall) with prefix ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction, agrees with 'tasmin' and 'gaṇeśvare'.

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground (on the ground, on the earth)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

Note: Indicates the place of falling.

हर्यृषाणाम् (haryṛṣāṇām) - of the monkey chiefs (of the monkey chiefs/lords)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of haryṛṣa

haryṛṣa - chief of monkeys, monkey lord

Compound noun (tatpuruṣa)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hari+ṛṣa)

• hari – monkey, lion, horse
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣa – chief, lord, bull
  noun (masculine)

Note: Possessive, refers to 'gaṇeśvare'.

गणेश्वरे (gaṇeśvare) - in the chief of the hosts (Vali) (in the lord of the hosts, in the chief of the group)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of gaṇeśvara

gaṇeśvara - lord of hosts/groups/attendants, chief of a multitude

Compound noun (tatpuruṣa)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gaṇa+īśvara)

• gaṇa – host, multitude, troop
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, chief
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Vali, part of the locative absolute construction.

नष्टचन्द्रम् (naṣṭacandram) - having lost its moon (having lost its moon, moonless)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of naṣṭacandra

naṣṭacandra - having lost its moon

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (naṣṭa+candra)

• naṣṭa – lost, destroyed, vanished
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √naś (to perish, be lost)
  Root: naś (class 4)
• candra – moon
  noun (masculine)

Note: Describes 'vyoma' in the simile.

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle indicating comparison.

व्योम (vyoma) - sky (sky, atmosphere)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vyoman

vyoman - sky, atmosphere, heaven

Note: The object of comparison for 'bhūtalam'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb 'vyarājata'.

व्यराजत (vyarājata) - shone (shone, was radiant, was splendid)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (Laṅ) of virāj

Imperfect Middle/Passive

3rd person singular imperfect of √rāj (to shine) with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: The main verb, describes the earth's state.

भूतलम् (bhūtalam) - the surface of the earth (surface of the earth, ground)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhūtala

bhūtala - surface of the earth, ground

Compound noun (tatpuruṣa)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhūta+tala)

• bhūta – earth, element, being
  noun (neuter)
• tala – surface, plane, flat ground
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of 'vyarājata'.

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