वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-17, verse-40

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त्वयादृश्येन तु रणे निहतो ऽहं दुरासदः ।
प्रसुप्तः पन्नगेनेव नरः पानवशं गतः ॥४०॥

40. tvayādṛśyena tu raṇe nihato'haṃ durāsadaḥ ,
prasuptaḥ pannageneva naraḥ pānavaśaṃ gataḥ.

40. tvayā adṛśyena tu raṇe nihataḥ aham durāsadaḥ
prasuptaḥ pannagena iva naraḥ pānavasaṃ gataḥ

40. tu raṇe tvayā adṛśyena aham durāsadaḥ nihataḥ
naraḥ pānavasaṃ gataḥ prasuptaḥ pannagena iva

40. Indeed, I, who am unassailable, have been slain by you, who were unseen in battle. It is like a man fallen under the sway of intoxication (pānavasaṃ), when asleep, being bitten by a snake.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

त्वया (tvayā) - by you, Rāma (by you)

अदृश्येन (adṛśyena) - by you, who were unseen (by the unseen one, by that which is invisible)

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, on the other hand)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war, in the conflict)

निहतः (nihataḥ) - slain (killed, slain, struck down)

अहम् (aham) - I (Vāli) (I)

दुरासदः (durāsadaḥ) - unassailable (difficult to approach, unassailable, formidable)

प्रसुप्तः (prasuptaḥ) - when asleep (fallen asleep, soundly sleeping)

पन्नगेन (pannagena) - by a snake (by a snake, by a serpent)

इव (iva) - as if (like, as, as if)

नरः (naraḥ) - a man (a man, a human being)

पानवसं (pānavasaṁ) - under the sway of intoxication (pānavasaṃ) (under the power of drink, intoxicated state)

गतः (gataḥ) - fallen into (gone, arrived, obtained, fallen into a state)

Words meanings and morphology

त्वया (tvayā) - by you, Rāma (by you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

अदृश्येन (adṛśyena) - by you, who were unseen (by the unseen one, by that which is invisible)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of adṛśya

adṛśya - unseen, invisible, imperceptible

Derived from a- (not) + dṛśya (visible/to be seen, gerundive of dṛś)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dṛśya)

a – not, non-
indeclinable
dṛśya – visible, to be seen, perceptible
adjective (masculine)
Gerundive
Derived from root dṛś with suffix -ya
Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tvayā'.

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war, in the conflict)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, conflict, fight

From root raṇ (to sound, to delight, to go)

Root: raṇ (class 1)

निहतः (nihataḥ) - slain (killed, slain, struck down)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - killed, slain, struck down, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From ni- + root han (to strike, kill)

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Refers to 'aham'.

अहम् (aham) - I (Vāli) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

दुरासदः (durāsadaḥ) - unassailable (difficult to approach, unassailable, formidable)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durāsada

durāsada - difficult to approach, hard to overcome, formidable, impregnable

From dur- (difficult) + ā- + root sad (to sit, approach)

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (dur+āsada)

dur – bad, difficult, ill
indeclinable
Prefix
āsada – approachable, attainable, accessible
adjective (masculine)
From ā- + root sad
Prefix: ā
Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Refers to 'aham'.

प्रसुप्तः (prasuptaḥ) - when asleep (fallen asleep, soundly sleeping)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prasupta

prasupta - asleep, sleeping, unconscious

Past Passive Participle

From pra- + root svap (to sleep)

Prefix: pra

Root: svap (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'naraḥ'.

पन्नगेन (pannagena) - by a snake (by a snake, by a serpent)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pannaga

pannaga - snake, serpent, reptile (literally 'going with fallen feet' or 'crawling')

Bahuvrihi compound: panna (fallen) + ga (going). 'One whose feet are fallen', i.e., crawls on its belly.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (panna+ga)

panna – fallen, descended, prostrate
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root pat (to fall)
Root: pat (class 1)
ga – going, moving
adjective (masculine)
From root gam (to go)
Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agent of the implied action (e.g., biting).

इव (iva) - as if (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

नरः (naraḥ) - a man (a man, a human being)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, human being, person

From root nṛ (to lead)

Root: nṛ

Note: Subject of the simile's second clause.

पानवसं (pānavasaṁ) - under the sway of intoxication (pānavasaṃ) (under the power of drink, intoxicated state)

(noun)