वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-17, verse-34

पञ्च पञ्चनखा भक्ष्या ब्रह्मक्षत्रेण राघव ।
शल्यकः श्वाविधो गोधा शशः कूर्मश्च पञ्चमः ॥३४॥

34. pañca pañcanakhā bhakṣyā brahmakṣatreṇa rāghava ,
śalyakaḥ śvāvidho godhā śaśaḥ kūrmaśca pañcamaḥ.

34. pañca pañcanakhāḥ bhakṣyāḥ brahmakṣatreṇa rāghava
śalyakaḥ śvāvidhaḥ godhā śaśaḥ kūrmaḥ ca pañcamaḥ

34. rāghava brahmakṣatreṇa pañca pañcanakhāḥ bhakṣyāḥ
śalyakaḥ śvāvidhaḥ godhā śaśaḥ ca kūrmaḥ pañcamaḥ

34. O Rāghava, five five-nailed animals are permitted for consumption by the Brahmin and Kṣatriya castes: the porcupine, the hedgehog, the monitor lizard, the hare, and the tortoise as the fifth.

Words meanings summery:

• पञ्च (pañca) - five (in number) (five)

• पञ्चनखाः (pañcanakhāḥ) - five-nailed animals (a specific category of edible animals) (five-nailed (animals), pentadactyl animals)

• भक्ष्याः (bhakṣyāḥ) - permitted for consumption (edible, to be eaten, suitable for food)

• ब्रह्मक्षत्रेण (brahmakṣatreṇa) - by the Brahmin and Kṣatriya castes (by Brahmins and Kshatriyas)

• राघव (rāghava) - O Rāma (addressed as descendant of Raghu) (O son of Raghu, O descendant of Raghu)

• शल्यकः (śalyakaḥ) - porcupine

• श्वाविधः (śvāvidhaḥ) - hedgehog (hedgehog, porcupine (another type))

• गोधा (godhā) - monitor lizard (monitor lizard, iguana, alligator)

• शशः (śaśaḥ) - hare (hare, rabbit)

• कूर्मः (kūrmaḥ) - tortoise (tortoise, turtle)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• पञ्चमः (pañcamaḥ) - the fifth (in the list) (fifth)

Words meanings and morphology

पञ्च (pañca) - five (in number) (five)

(numeral)

Note: Qualifies `pañcanakhāḥ`.

पञ्चनखाः (pañcanakhāḥ) - five-nailed animals (a specific category of edible animals) (five-nailed (animals), pentadactyl animals)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pañcanakha

pañcanakha - five-nailed, having five claws/nails (referring to animals)

Compound: pañcan (five) + nakha (nail, claw).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pañcan+nakha)

• pañcan – five
  numeral
• nakha – nail, claw, talon
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the first clause.

भक्ष्याः (bhakṣyāḥ) - permitted for consumption (edible, to be eaten, suitable for food)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhakṣya

bhakṣya - edible, to be eaten, suitable for food

Gerundive

From root bhakṣ (to eat) + ṇyat suffix.

Root: bhakṣ (class 10)

Note: Agrees with `pañcanakhāḥ`.

ब्रह्मक्षत्रेण (brahmakṣatreṇa) - by the Brahmin and Kṣatriya castes (by Brahmins and Kshatriyas)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of brahmakṣatra

brahmakṣatra - the Brahmin and Kṣatriya castes, the priestly and warrior classes

Dvandva compound of brahman (Brahmin) and kṣatra (Kṣatriya). Often used as a collective singular.

Compound type : dvandva (brahman+kṣatra)

• brahman – Brahmin, priest
  noun (masculine)
• kṣatra – Kṣatriya, warrior caste, rule, dominion
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agent of permission/consumption.

राघव (rāghava) - O Rāma (addressed as descendant of Raghu) (O son of Raghu, O descendant of Raghu)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, belonging to Raghu's lineage

Formed with aṇ suffix from raghu.

Note: Address to Rāma.

शल्यकः (śalyakaḥ) - porcupine

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śalyaka

śalyaka - porcupine

From śalya (quill, dart) + ka suffix.

श्वाविधः (śvāvidhaḥ) - hedgehog (hedgehog, porcupine (another type))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śvāvidha

śvāvidha - hedgehog, another kind of porcupine

गोधा (godhā) - monitor lizard (monitor lizard, iguana, alligator)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of godhā

godhā - monitor lizard, iguana, alligator

शशः (śaśaḥ) - hare (hare, rabbit)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaśa

śaśa - hare, rabbit

कूर्मः (kūrmaḥ) - tortoise (tortoise, turtle)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kūrma

kūrma - tortoise, turtle

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Joins `kūrmaḥ` to the list.

पञ्चमः (pañcamaḥ) - the fifth (in the list) (fifth)

(numeral)

Note: Qualifies `kūrmaḥ`.

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