वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-17, verse-2

स भूमौ न्यस्तसर्वाङ्गस्तप्तकाञ्चनभूषणः ।
अपतद्देवराजस्य मुक्तरश्मिरिव ध्वजः ॥२॥

2. sa bhūmau nyastasarvāṅgastaptakāñcanabhūṣaṇaḥ ,
apataddevarājasya muktaraśmiriva dhvajaḥ.

2. saḥ bhūmau nyastasarvāṅgaḥ taptakāñcanabhūṣaṇaḥ
apatat devarājasya muktaraśmiḥ iva dhvajaḥ

2. saḥ bhūmau nyastasarvāṅgaḥ taptakāñcanabhūṣaṇaḥ
devarājasya muktaraśmiḥ dhvajaḥ iva apatat

2. He, lying prostrate on the ground and adorned with refined gold ornaments, fell like the banner of the king of gods (Indra) whose cords have been loosened.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Vali) (he, that)

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground (on the ground, on the earth)

• न्यस्तसर्वाङ्गः (nyastasarvāṅgaḥ) - with all his limbs sprawled (on the ground) (with all limbs laid down, lying prostrate)

• तप्तकाञ्चनभूषणः (taptakāñcanabhūṣaṇaḥ) - adorned with refined gold ornaments (adorned with ornaments of refined gold)

• अपतत् (apatat) - fell (fell, dropped)

• देवराजस्य (devarājasya) - of the king of gods (Indra) (of the king of gods, of Indra)

• मुक्तरश्मिः (muktaraśmiḥ) - with loosened cords (with loosened reins/rays/cords)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• ध्वजः (dhvajaḥ) - banner (banner, flag, standard)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Vali) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Nominative masculine singular of 'tad'

Note: Refers to Vali.

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground (on the ground, on the earth)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

Note: Indicates the place where Vali fell.

न्यस्तसर्वाङ्गः (nyastasarvāṅgaḥ) - with all his limbs sprawled (on the ground) (with all limbs laid down, lying prostrate)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nyastasarvāṅga

nyastasarvāṅga - having all limbs laid down, prostrate

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nyasta+sarva+aṅga)

• nyasta – laid down, placed, deposited
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √as (to throw, cast) with prefix ni-
  Prefix: ni
  Root: as (class 4)
• sarva – all, every
  pronoun (masculine)
• aṅga – limb, body part
  noun (neuter)

Note: Describes Vali.

तप्तकाञ्चनभूषणः (taptakāñcanabhūṣaṇaḥ) - adorned with refined gold ornaments (adorned with ornaments of refined gold)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of taptakāñcanabhūṣaṇa

taptakāñcanabhūṣaṇa - adorned with ornaments of refined gold

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tapta+kāñcana+bhūṣaṇa)

• tapta – heated, refined, purified (gold)
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √tap (to heat, suffer)
  Root: tap (class 1)
• kāñcana – gold, golden
  noun (neuter)
• bhūṣaṇa – ornament, decoration
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root √bhūṣ (to adorn)
  Root: bhūṣ (class 10)

Note: Describes Vali.

अपतत् (apatat) - fell (fell, dropped)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (Laṅ) of pat

Imperfect Active

3rd person singular imperfect of √pat

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Main verb, in concord with 'saḥ'.

देवराजस्य (devarājasya) - of the king of gods (Indra) (of the king of gods, of Indra)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of devarāja

devarāja - king of gods, Indra

Compound noun (tatpuruṣa)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+rāja)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Possessive, refers to Indra's banner.

मुक्तरश्मिः (muktaraśmiḥ) - with loosened cords (with loosened reins/rays/cords)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muktaraśmi

muktaraśmi - having loosened reins/rays/cords

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mukta+raśmi)

• mukta – loosened, released, freed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √muc (to release)
  Root: muc (class 6)
• raśmi – rein, cord, rope, ray (of light)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Describes the banner (dhvajaḥ).

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle indicating comparison.

ध्वजः (dhvajaḥ) - banner (banner, flag, standard)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhvaja

dhvaja - banner, flag, standard

Note: The object of comparison for Vali's fall.

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