वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-17, verse-37

शठो नैकृतिकः क्षुद्रो मिथ्या प्रश्रितमानसः ।
कथं दशरथेन त्वं जातः पापो महात्मना ॥३७॥

37. śaṭho naikṛtikaḥ kṣudro mithyā praśritamānasaḥ ,
kathaṃ daśarathena tvaṃ jātaḥ pāpo mahātmanā.

37. śaṭhaḥ naikṛtikaḥ kṣudraḥ mithyā praśritamānasaḥ
katham daśarathena tvam jātaḥ pāpaḥ mahātmanā

37. katham tvam śaṭhaḥ naikṛtikaḥ kṣudraḥ
mithyāpraśritamānasaḥ pāpaḥ mahātmanā daśarathena jātaḥ

37. How could you, so deceitful, mischievous, petty, and falsely humble-minded, have been born of the great-souled (mahātman) Dasharatha, you wicked one?

Words meanings summery:

• शठः (śaṭhaḥ) - deceitful, cunning

• नैकृतिकः (naikṛtikaḥ) - mischievous, dishonest, cunning

• क्षुद्रः (kṣudraḥ) - petty, despicable, mean

• मिथ्या (mithyā) - falsely, wrongly, deceptively

• प्रश्रितमानसः (praśritamānasaḥ) - with a falsely humble mind, feigning humility

• कथम् (katham) - how, why

• दशरथेन (daśarathena) - by Dasharatha

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• जातः (jātaḥ) - born, produced

• पापः (pāpaḥ) - sinful, wicked

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled (mahātman) Dasharatha (by the great-souled one)

Words meanings and morphology

शठः (śaṭhaḥ) - deceitful, cunning

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaṭha

śaṭha - deceitful, cunning, wicked, rogue

नैकृतिकः (naikṛtikaḥ) - mischievous, dishonest, cunning

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of naikṛtika

naikṛtika - dishonest, fraudulent, mischievous, perfidious

Derived from nikṛti (dishonesty) + -ika suffix

क्षुद्रः (kṣudraḥ) - petty, despicable, mean

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣudra

kṣudra - small, insignificant, petty, mean, despicable

मिथ्या (mithyā) - falsely, wrongly, deceptively

(indeclinable)

प्रश्रितमानसः (praśritamānasaḥ) - with a falsely humble mind, feigning humility

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of praśritamānasa

praśritamānasa - whose mind is humble or submissive

Compound type : bahuvrihi (praśrita+mānasa)

• praśrita – humble, modest, bent, bowed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP of pra-śri
  Prefix: pra
  Root: śri (class 1)
• mānasa – mind, mental, belonging to the mind
  noun (neuter)

कथम् (katham) - how, why

(indeclinable)

दशरथेन (daśarathena) - by Dasharatha

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of daśaratha

daśaratha - Dasharatha (a celebrated king, father of Rama)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvad

tvad - you

जातः (jātaḥ) - born, produced

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, arisen, happened

Past Passive Participle

PPP of root jan

Root: jan (class 4)

पापः (pāpaḥ) - sinful, wicked

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāpa

pāpa - sinful, wicked, evil, bad; a sin, evil deed

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled (mahātman) Dasharatha (by the great-souled one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, high-minded, noble

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Previous Verse Next Verse