वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-17, verse-30

न ते ऽस्त्यपचितिर्धर्मे नार्थे बुद्धिरवस्थिता ।
इन्द्रियैः कामवृत्तः सन् कृष्यसे मनुजेश्वर ॥३०॥

30. na te'styapacitirdharme nārthe buddhiravasthitā ,
indriyaiḥ kāmavṛttaḥ san kṛṣyase manujeśvara.

30. na te asti apacitiḥ dharme na arthe buddhiḥ avasthitā
indriyaiḥ kāmavṛttaḥ san kṛṣyase manujeśvara

30. manujeśvara ! te dharme apacitiḥ na asti,
na arthe avasthitā buddhiḥ asti kāmavṛttaḥ san indriyaiḥ kṛṣyase

30. You have no reverence for the natural law (dharma), nor is your intellect (buddhi) steadfast in matters of purpose or material gain (artha). Being one whose conduct (vṛtti) is driven by desire (kāma), you are dragged along by your senses, O lord of men.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - no (not, no)

• ते (te) - for you (to you, for you, your (dative/genitive singular))

• अस्ति (asti) - is (is, exists)

• अपचितिः (apacitiḥ) - reverence (respect, reverence, honor, worship)

• धर्मे (dharme) - in the natural law (dharma) (in dharma, in natural law, in duty (locative singular))

• न (na) - nor (not, no, nor)

• अर्थे (arthe) - in matters of purpose or material gain (artha) (in purpose, in wealth, in meaning (locative singular))

• बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intellect (buddhi) (intellect, understanding, mind, reason)

• अवस्थिता (avasthitā) - steadfast (situated, standing firm, steady, steadfast)

• इन्द्रियैः (indriyaiḥ) - by your senses (by the senses, by the sense organs (instrumental plural))

• कामवृत्तः (kāmavṛttaḥ) - one whose conduct (vṛtti) is driven by desire (kāma) (having conduct driven by desire, acting arbitrarily)

• सन् (san) - being (being, existing)

• कृष्यसे (kṛṣyase) - you are dragged along (you are drawn, you are dragged, you are pulled)

• मनुजेश्वर (manujeśvara) - O lord of men (O lord of men, O king)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - no (not, no)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - for you (to you, for you, your (dative/genitive singular))

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Can also be genitive, but dative fits better with 'no reverence'.

अस्ति (asti) - is (is, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Active Indicative

3rd person singular present indicative active

Root: as (class 2)

अपचितिः (apacitiḥ) - reverence (respect, reverence, honor, worship)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of apaciti

apaciti - respect, reverence, worship, honor, expiation

From prefix apa- + root ci (to gather, observe) + ti suffix

Prefix: apa

Root: ci (class 5)

धर्मे (dharme) - in the natural law (dharma) (in dharma, in natural law, in duty (locative singular))

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, duty, righteousness, religion

From root dhṛ (to uphold, support) + man suffix

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

न (na) - nor (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

अर्थे (arthe) - in matters of purpose or material gain (artha) (in purpose, in wealth, in meaning (locative singular))

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, aim, object, wealth, material gain, meaning

From root ṛ (to go) + tha suffix

Root: ṛ (class 3)

बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intellect (buddhi) (intellect, understanding, mind, reason)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, mind, reason, perception

From root budh (to know, perceive) + ti suffix

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'is steadfast'.

अवस्थिता (avasthitā) - steadfast (situated, standing firm, steady, steadfast)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of avasthita

avasthita - situated, standing, firm, steady, established

Past Passive Participle

P.P.P. of root sthā (to stand) with prefix ava-.

Prefix: ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `buddhiḥ`.

इन्द्रियैः (indriyaiḥ) - by your senses (by the senses, by the sense organs (instrumental plural))

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of indriya

indriya - sense organ, faculty of sense, power

Related to Indra, meaning pertaining to Indra or the senses.

Note: Agent of being dragged.

कामवृत्तः (kāmavṛttaḥ) - one whose conduct (vṛtti) is driven by desire (kāma) (having conduct driven by desire, acting arbitrarily)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāmavṛtta

kāmavṛtta - whose conduct is by desire, acting arbitrarily

Compound of kāma (desire) and vṛtta (conduct, acted)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kāma+vṛtta)

• kāma – desire, wish, love
  noun (masculine)
  From root kam (to desire)
  Root: kam (class 1)
• vṛtta – acted, happened, conducted, behavior, conduct
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root vṛt (to turn, exist)
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with implied `tvam`.

सन् (san) - being (being, existing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sat

sat - being, existing, good, true

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of root as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Agrees with implied `tvam`.

कृष्यसे (kṛṣyase) - you are dragged along (you are drawn, you are dragged, you are pulled)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of kṛṣ

Present Passive Indicative

2nd person singular present indicative passive (from root kṛṣ, class 1)

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

मनुजेश्वर (manujeśvara) - O lord of men (O lord of men, O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of manujeśvara

manujeśvara - lord of men, king, prince

Compound of manu-ja (man) and īśvara (lord)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (manuja+īśvara)

• manuja – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
  From manu (first man) + ja (born)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler, god
  noun (masculine)
  From root īś (to rule, own) + vara suffix
  Root: īś (class 2)

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