वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-49, verse-37

स छिन्नपक्षः सहसा रक्षसा रौद्रकर्मणा ।
निपपात हतो गृध्रो धरण्यामल्पजीवितः ॥३७॥

37. sa chinnapakṣaḥ sahasā rakṣasā raudrakarmaṇā ,
nipapāta hato gṛdhro dharaṇyāmalpajīvitaḥ.

37. saḥ chinnapakṣaḥ sahasā rakṣasā raudrakarmaṇā
nipapāta hataḥ gṛdhraḥ dharaṇyām alpajīvitaḥ

37. saḥ chinnapakṣaḥ gṛdhraḥ raudrakarmaṇā rakṣasā
hataḥ alpajīvitaḥ sahasā dharaṇyām nipapāta

37. With his wings severed, that vulture (Jatayu), struck down by the demon (Ravana) of fierce deeds, suddenly fell to the earth with little life remaining.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - the vulture Jatayu (he)

• छिन्नपक्षः (chinnapakṣaḥ) - having severed wings, with cut-off wings

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, forcibly

• रक्षसा (rakṣasā) - by Ravana (by the demon)

• रौद्रकर्मणा (raudrakarmaṇā) - by the demon of fierce deeds (by one of fierce deeds, of cruel actions)

• निपपात (nipapāta) - he fell down

• हतः (hataḥ) - mortally wounded (struck, killed, wounded)

• गृध्रः (gṛdhraḥ) - Jatayu (vulture)

• धरण्याम् (dharaṇyām) - on the earth, on the ground

• अल्पजीवितः (alpajīvitaḥ) - with little life left (before dying) (having little life, with a short life remaining)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - the vulture Jatayu (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

Note: Refers to Jatayu.

छिन्नपक्षः (chinnapakṣaḥ) - having severed wings, with cut-off wings

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of chinnapakṣa

chinnapakṣa - having severed wings

Compound type : bahuvrihi (chinna+pakṣa)

• chinna – cut, severed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'chid' (to cut, cleave).
  Root: chid (class 7)
• pakṣa – wing
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'gṛdhraḥ'.

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, forcibly

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form.

रक्षसा (rakṣasā) - by Ravana (by the demon)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rakṣas

rakṣas - demon, evil spirit

Note: Refers to Ravana.

रौद्रकर्मणा (raudrakarmaṇā) - by the demon of fierce deeds (by one of fierce deeds, of cruel actions)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of raudrakarman

raudrakarman - of fierce deeds, performing terrible actions

Compound type : bahuvrihi (raudra+karman)

• raudra – fierce, terrible, cruel
  adjective
• karman – action, deed (karma)
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'rakṣasā'.

निपपात (nipapāta) - he fell down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of pat

Perfect Active

Third person singular, active voice, perfect tense. Formed with prefix 'ni' (down).

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

हतः (hataḥ) - mortally wounded (struck, killed, wounded)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - struck, killed, injured

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'han' (to strike, kill).

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'gṛdhraḥ'.

गृध्रः (gṛdhraḥ) - Jatayu (vulture)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gṛdhra

gṛdhra - vulture

Note: Subject of the sentence.

धरण्याम् (dharaṇyām) - on the earth, on the ground

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of dharaṇī

dharaṇī - earth, ground

अल्पजीवितः (alpajīvitaḥ) - with little life left (before dying) (having little life, with a short life remaining)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of alpajīvita

alpajīvita - having little life, short-lived

Compound type : bahuvrihi (alpa+jīvita)

• alpa – little, small, few
  adjective
• jīvita – life, living
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'gṛdhraḥ'.