वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-49, verse-23

न हि जातु दुराधर्षौ काकुत्स्थौ तव रावण ।
धर्षणं चाश्रमस्यास्य क्षमिष्येते तु राघवौ ॥२३॥

23. na hi jātu durādharṣau kākutsthau tava rāvaṇa ,
dharṣaṇaṃ cāśramasyāsya kṣamiṣyete tu rāghavau.

23. na hi jātu durādharṣau kākutsthau tava rāvaṇa
dharṣaṇam ca āśramasya asya kṣamiṣyete tu rāghavau

23. rāvaṇa,
hi jātu durādharṣau kākutsthau rāghavau tava (aparādham) ca asya āśramasya dharṣaṇam na tu kṣamiṣyete.

23. O Rāvaṇa, the two invincible Kākutsthas, the Raghavas, will surely never tolerate your (offenses) and this violation of the hermitage.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• हि (hi) - surely, indeed, for, because

• जातु (jātu) - ever, at any time

• दुराधर्षौ (durādharṣau) - two invincible, two unconquerable

• काकुत्स्थौ (kākutsthau) - Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa (the two descendants of Kakutstha (Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa))

• तव (tava) - your

• रावण (rāvaṇa) - O Rāvaṇa!

• धर्षणम् (dharṣaṇam) - violation, outrage, attack, insult

• च (ca) - and

• आश्रमस्य (āśramasya) - of the hermitage

• अस्य (asya) - of this

• क्षमिष्येते (kṣamiṣyete) - they two will tolerate, endure

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

• राघवौ (rāghavau) - Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa (the two descendants of Raghu (Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa))

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

हि (hi) - surely, indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

Emphatic or causal particle.

Note: Emphasizes the negation.

जातु (jātu) - ever, at any time

(indeclinable)

Adverb indicating time.

Root: jan (class 4)

दुराधर्षौ (durādharṣau) - two invincible, two unconquerable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of durādharṣa

durādharṣa - difficult to assault, irresistible, invincible, unconquerable

Compound from dus + ā + dhṛṣ.

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (dur+ā+dhṛṣa)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating difficulty or badness.
• ā – towards, near, completely
  indeclinable
  Prefix, also meaning up to, inclusive.
• dhṛṣa – daring, bold, arrogant
  adjective (masculine)
  From root dhṛṣ 'to be bold, dare'.
  Root: dhṛṣ (class 1)

काकुत्स्थौ (kākutsthau) - Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa (the two descendants of Kakutstha (Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of kākutstha

kākutstha - descendant of Kakutstha (an ancient king), an epithet for Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa

Patronymic.

Note: Subject of the sentence (along with rāghavau).

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

2nd person pronoun, genitive singular.

Note: Implies 'your offenses/actions'.

रावण (rāvaṇa) - O Rāvaṇa!

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (the demon king of Lanka)

Root: ru (class 2)

धर्षणम् (dharṣaṇam) - violation, outrage, attack, insult

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dharṣaṇa

dharṣaṇa - violating, insulting, outrage, attack, assault

From root dhṛṣ 'to dare, insult'.

Root: dhṛṣ (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

आश्रमस्य (āśramasya) - of the hermitage

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of āśrama

āśrama - hermitage, retreat, stage of life (āśrama)

From ā + śram 'to exert oneself'.

Prefix: ā

Root: śram (class 4)

Note: Modifies dharṣaṇam.

अस्य (asya) - of this

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Demonstrative pronoun agreeing with āśramasya.

क्षमिष्येते (kṣamiṣyete) - they two will tolerate, endure

(verb)

3rd person , dual, middle, future (lṛṭ) of kṣam

Future stem

From root kṣam 'to be patient' (1st class, ātmanepada).

Root: kṣam (class 1)

Note: Subject is kākutsthau and rāghavau.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

(indeclinable)

Adversative or emphatic particle.

Note: Adds emphasis to the statement.

राघवौ (rāghavau) - Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa (the two descendants of Raghu (Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, an epithet for Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa

Patronymic.

Note: Subject of the sentence (along with kākutsthau).