वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-49, verse-16

दृष्ट्वा निपतितं भूमौ रावणं भग्नवाहनम् ।
साधु साध्विति भूतानि गृध्रराजमपूजयन् ॥१६॥

16. dṛṣṭvā nipatitaṃ bhūmau rāvaṇaṃ bhagnavāhanam ,
sādhu sādhviti bhūtāni gṛdhrarājamapūjayan.

16. dṛṣṭvā nipatitam bhūmau rāvaṇam bhagnavāhanam
sādhu sādhu iti bhūtāni gṛdhrarājam apūjayan

16. bhūtāni rāvaṇam bhagnavāhanam bhūmau nipatitam
dṛṣṭvā sādhu sādhu iti gṛdhrarājam apūjayan

16. Seeing Rāvaṇa fallen to the ground with his vehicle shattered, the creatures exclaimed, 'Excellent! Excellent!' and paid homage to the king of vultures.

Words meanings summery:

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• निपतितम् (nipatitam) - fallen down, descended, prostrated

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

• रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - Rāvaṇa (proper noun)

• भग्नवाहनम् (bhagnavāhanam) - having a broken vehicle, with a shattered chariot

• साधु (sādhu) - 'Excellent!' (as an exclamation) (good, excellent, well done, righteous)

• साधु (sādhu) - 'Excellent!' (as an exclamation) (good, excellent, well done, righteous)

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner (quotative particle)

• भूतानि (bhūtāni) - beings, creatures, living things, elements

• गृध्रराजम् (gṛdhrarājam) - Refers to Jatāyu. (the king of vultures)

• अपूजयन् (apūjayan) - they worshipped, they honored, they praised

Words meanings and morphology

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with the suffix -tvā from the root dṛś.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Expresses an action completed before the main verb.

निपतितम् (nipatitam) - fallen down, descended, prostrated

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nipatita

nipatita - fallen, descended

Past Passive Participle

Formed from the root pat (to fall) with upasarga ni- and suffix -ta.

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Rāvaṇa.

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - Rāvaṇa (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (the demon king of Lanka)

Note: Object of 'seeing'.

भग्नवाहनम् (bhagnavāhanam) - having a broken vehicle, with a shattered chariot

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhagnavāhana

bhagnavāhana - one whose vehicle is broken

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (bhagna+vāhana)

• bhagna – broken, shattered
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root bhañj (to break) + -ta suffix.
  Root: bhañj (class 7)
• vāhana – vehicle, carrier, chariot
  noun (neuter)
  From root vah (to carry) + ana suffix.
  Root: vah (class 1)

साधु (sādhu) - 'Excellent!' (as an exclamation) (good, excellent, well done, righteous)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as an exclamation.

साधु (sādhu) - 'Excellent!' (as an exclamation) (good, excellent, well done, righteous)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as an exclamation.

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner (quotative particle)

(indeclinable)

भूतानि (bhūtāni) - beings, creatures, living things, elements

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, element, past, happened

Past Passive Participle (from bhū 'to be, to become')

From root bhū with -ta suffix.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'apūjayan'.

गृध्रराजम् (gṛdhrarājam) - Refers to Jatāyu. (the king of vultures)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gṛdhrarāja

gṛdhrarāja - king of vultures

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (gṛdhra+rāja)

• gṛdhra – vulture
  noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'apūjayan'.

अपूजयन् (apūjayan) - they worshipped, they honored, they praised

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pūjay

Causative stem from root pūj

Formed from root pūj (to honor) with causative suffix -ay. Imperfect tense, active voice.

Root: pūj (class 10)

Note: The prefix 'a-' indicates past tense (augment).