वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-49, verse-29

तं गृहीत्वा नखैस्तीक्ष्णैर्विरराद समन्ततः ।
अधिरूढो गजारोहि यथा स्याद्दुष्टवारणम् ॥२९॥

29. taṃ gṛhītvā nakhaistīkṣṇairvirarāda samantataḥ ,
adhirūḍho gajārohi yathā syādduṣṭavāraṇam.

29. tam gṛhītvā nakhaiḥ tīkṣṇaiḥ virarāda samantataḥ
adhirūḍhaḥ gajārōhī yathā syāt duṣṭavāraṇam

29. gṛhītvā tīkṣṇaiḥ nakhaiḥ tam samantataḥ virarāda
yathā gajārōhī duṣṭavāraṇam adhirūḍhaḥ syāt

29. Having seized him with sharp claws, he tore at him from all sides, just as an elephant rider might be mounted upon a rogue elephant.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having seized, having caught

• नखैः (nakhaiḥ) - with claws, with nails

• तीक्ष्णैः (tīkṣṇaiḥ) - with sharp

• विरराद (virarāda) - tore, ripped, lacerated

• समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - from all sides, all around

• अधिरूढः (adhirūḍhaḥ) - mounted, ascended

• गजार्ओही (gajārōhī) - elephant rider

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

• स्यात् (syāt) - might be, would be

• दुष्टवारणम् (duṣṭavāraṇam) - a rogue elephant

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having seized, having caught

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root √grah (to seize) with suffix -ktvā.

Root: grah (class 9)

नखैः (nakhaiḥ) - with claws, with nails

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nakha

nakha - claw, nail

तीक्ष्णैः (tīkṣṇaiḥ) - with sharp

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tīkṣṇa

tīkṣṇa - sharp, keen, pungent

विरराद (virarāda) - tore, ripped, lacerated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of virād

Prefix: vi

Root: rād (class 1)

समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - from all sides, all around

(indeclinable)

अधिरूढः (adhirūḍhaḥ) - mounted, ascended

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhirūḍha

adhirūḍha - mounted, ascended, one who has mounted

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root √ruh (to grow, ascend) with adhi and suffix -kta.

Prefix: adhi

Root: ruh (class 1)

गजार्ओही (gajārōhī) - elephant rider

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gajārōhin

gajārōhin - elephant rider

Compound type : tatpurusha (gaja+ārohin)

• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• ārohin – one who mounts, rider
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ruh (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

(indeclinable)

स्यात् (syāt) - might be, would be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

दुष्टवारणम् (duṣṭavāraṇam) - a rogue elephant

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of duṣṭavāraṇa

duṣṭavāraṇa - a rogue elephant, a vicious elephant

Compound type : karmadharaya (duṣṭa+vāraṇa)

• duṣṭa – wicked, rogue, corrupted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √duṣ (to be corrupted) with -kta.
  Root: duṣ (class 4)
• vāraṇa – elephant
  noun (masculine)