वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-49, verse-15

स भग्नधन्वा विरथो हताश्वो हतसारथिः ।
अङ्केनादाय वैदेहीं पपात भुवि रावणः ॥१५॥

15. sa bhagnadhanvā viratho hatāśvo hatasārathiḥ ,
aṅkenādāya vaidehīṃ papāta bhuvi rāvaṇaḥ.

15. सः भग्नधन्वा विरथः हताश्वः हतसारथिः
अङ्केन आदाय वैदेहीम् पपात भुवि रावणः

15. भग्नधन्वा विरथः हताश्वः हतसारथिः सः रावणः वैदेहीम् अङ्केन आदाय भुवि पपात ।

15. With his bow shattered, his chariot destroyed, his horses slain, and his charioteer killed, Ravana fell to the ground, carrying Vaidehi (Sītā) in his arms.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (सः) - Referring to Ravana. (he, that)

• भग्नधन्वा (भग्नधन्वा) - Describing Ravana. (having a broken bow)

• विरथः (विरथः) - Describing Ravana. (without a chariot, dismounted from a chariot)

• हताश्वः (हताश्वः) - Describing Ravana. (having dead horses, with horses killed)

• हतसारथिः (हतसारथिः) - Describing Ravana. (having a dead charioteer, with charioteer killed)

• अङ्केन (अङ्केन) - by his lap, in his arms/lap

• आदाय (आदाय) - having taken, having embraced, taking

• वैदेहीम् (वैदेहीम्) - Vaidehi (Sita, daughter of Videha)

• पपात (पपात) - fell, descended

• भुवि (भुवि) - on the ground, on the earth

• रावणः (रावणः) - Ravana

Words meanings and morphology

सः (सः) - Referring to Ravana. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

भग्नधन्वा (भग्नधन्वा) - Describing Ravana. (having a broken bow)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagnadhanvan

bhagnadhanvan - one whose bow is broken, having a shattered bow

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhagna+dhanvan)

• bhagna – broken, shattered, destroyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root bhañj (to break)
  Root: bhañj (class 7)
• dhanvan – bow
  noun (masculine)

विरथः (विरथः) - Describing Ravana. (without a chariot, dismounted from a chariot)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viratha

viratha - without a chariot, car-less

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+ratha)

• vi – separation, absence, negation (prefix)
  indeclinable
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)

हताश्वः (हताश्वः) - Describing Ravana. (having dead horses, with horses killed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hatāśva

hatāśva - one whose horses are killed, having slain horses

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+aśva)

• hata – killed, slain, struck
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root han (to strike, to kill)
  Root: han (class 2)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

हतसारथिः (हतसारथिः) - Describing Ravana. (having a dead charioteer, with charioteer killed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hatasārathi

hatasārathi - one whose charioteer is killed, having a slain charioteer

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+sārathi)

• hata – killed, slain, struck
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root han (to strike, to kill)
  Root: han (class 2)
• sārathi – charioteer, driver
  noun (masculine)

अङ्केन (अङ्केन) - by his lap, in his arms/lap

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of aṅka

aṅka - lap, side, embrace, mark

आदाय (आदाय) - having taken, having embraced, taking

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root dā (to give, to take) with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

वैदेहीम् (वैदेहीम्) - Vaidehi (Sita, daughter of Videha)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vaidehī

vaidehī - Sita (daughter of Videha, a name for Sita)

पपात (पपात) - fell, descended

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of pat

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root pat (class 1, patati). Liṭ-lakāra.

Root: pat (class 1)

भुवि (भुवि) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhū

bhū - earth, ground, land

रावणः (रावणः) - Ravana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Ravana (name of the demon king of Lanka)