वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-45, verse-16

तस्य भ्राता तु वैमात्रो लक्ष्मणो नाम वीर्यवान् ।
रामस्य पुरुषव्याघ्रः सहायः समरे ऽरिहा ॥१६॥

16. tasya bhrātā tu vaimātro lakṣmaṇo nāma vīryavān ,
rāmasya puruṣavyāghraḥ sahāyaḥ samare'rihā.

16. tasya bhrātā tu vaimātraḥ lakṣmaṇaḥ nāma vīryavān
rāmasya puruṣavyāghraḥ sahāyaḥ samare arihā

16. tu tasya vaimātraḥ nāma lakṣmaṇaḥ vīryavān
puruṣavyāghraḥ arihā rāmasya sahāyaḥ samare

16. Indeed, his step-brother, named Lakshmana, who is valorous, a tiger among men (puruṣa), and a slayer of enemies, is Rama's companion in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Rama from the previous verse) (his, of him, of that)

• भ्राता (bhrātā) - brother

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

• वैमात्रः (vaimātraḥ) - step-brother (born of a different mother, step-brother)

• लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakshmana (Lakshmana (proper name))

• नाम (nāma) - by name (by name, named, indeed)

• वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - valorous (valorous, powerful, heroic)

• रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rama

• पुरुषव्याघ्रः (puruṣavyāghraḥ) - a tiger among men (puruṣa) (tiger among men, best of men, excellent man)

• सहायः (sahāyaḥ) - companion (companion, helper, associate)

• समरे (samare) - in battle (in battle, in war)

• अरिहा (arihā) - slayer of enemies (enemy-slayer, killer of foes)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Rama from the previous verse) (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

भ्राता (bhrātā) - brother

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Agent noun from root bhṛ (to bear, carry). 'r'-stem noun.

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Particle, used to introduce a new idea or emphasize.

वैमात्रः (vaimātraḥ) - step-brother (born of a different mother, step-brother)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaimātra

vaimātra - born of a different mother; step-brother

From vi-mātṛ (different mother) + aṇ (taddhita suffix for 'related to'). Often implies a half-brother.

लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakshmana (Lakshmana (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakshmana (brother of Rama)

नाम (nāma) - by name (by name, named, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Used as an adverb here. When indeclinable, it means 'by name' or 'indeed'.

वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - valorous (valorous, powerful, heroic)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīryavat

vīryavat - powerful, valorous, heroic, full of strength

Possessive suffix '-vat' added to 'vīrya' (valor, strength). Masculine nominative singular.

Note: Agreeing with Lakshmana.

रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rama

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (a proper name, hero of the Ramayana)

Root: ram (class 1)

पुरुषव्याघ्रः (puruṣavyāghraḥ) - a tiger among men (puruṣa) (tiger among men, best of men, excellent man)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣavyāghra

puruṣavyāghra - tiger among men, best of men, excellent man

Compound meaning 'a man who is like a tiger'. An honorific epithet.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+vyāghra)

• puruṣa – man, human being, person, cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agreeing with Lakshmana.

सहायः (sahāyaḥ) - companion (companion, helper, associate)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahāya

sahāya - companion, helper, associate, friend

From sa-hā (with, together with).

Prefix: sa

Root: hā (class 3)

समरे (samare) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

From sam-ṛ (to meet, come together). Often used as neuter.

Prefix: sam

Root: ṛ (class 3)

अरिहा (arihā) - slayer of enemies (enemy-slayer, killer of foes)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arihan

arihan - slayer of enemies, enemy-killer

Compound of 'ari' (enemy) and 'han' (killer, from root han 'to strike, kill'). Masculine nominative singular.

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (ari+han)

• ari – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• han – killing, slayer, destroyer
  noun (masculine)
  From root han (to strike, kill) with Kvip suffix.
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agreeing with Lakshmana.

Previous Verse Next Verse