वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-45, verse-44

इतीव तद्वाक्यमदुष्टभावा सुदृष्टमुक्त्वा रजनीचरं तम् ।
गात्रप्रकम्पाद्व्यथिता बभूव वातोद्धता सा कदलीव तन्वी ॥४४॥

44. itīva tadvākyamaduṣṭabhāvā sudṛṣṭamuktvā rajanīcaraṃ tam ,
gātraprakampādvyathitā babhūva vātoddhatā sā kadalīva tanvī.

44. iti iva tat vākyam aduṣṭabhāvā
sudṛṣṭam uktvā rajanīcaram tam
gātraprkampāt vyathitā babhūva
vātoddhatā sā kadalī iva tanvī

44. aduṣṭabhāvā sā iti iva sudṛṣṭam tat vākyam tam rajanīcaram uktvā gātraprkampāt vyathitā babhūva,
vātoddhatā tanvī kadalī iva

44. Having thus spoken those well-reasoned words to that night-prowler (Rākṣasa), she, whose heart was unblemished, became distressed from the trembling of her limbs, like a slender plantain tree tossed by the wind.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

• इव (iva) - as if (emphasizing the nature of the words) (like, as if, as it were)

• तत् (tat) - those (words) (that, those)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, statement (speech, statement, words)

• अदुष्टभावा (aduṣṭabhāvā) - with an unblemished heart (referring to Sita) (whose feelings/mind are pure, with an unblemished heart)

• सुदृष्टम् (sudṛṣṭam) - well-reasoned (well-seen, well-conceived, well-reasoned)

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken (having spoken, having said)

• रजनीचरम् (rajanīcaram) - to that night-prowler (Rāvaṇa) (night-prowler, demon)

• तम् (tam) - that (Rāvaṇa) (that, him)

• गात्रप्र्कम्पात् (gātraprkampāt) - from the trembling of her limbs (from the trembling of the limbs)

• व्यथिता (vyathitā) - distressed (distressed, agitated, pained)

• बभूव (babhūva) - became (became, happened, existed)

• वातोद्धता (vātoddhatā) - tossed by the wind (agitated by wind, tossed by wind)

• सा (sā) - she (Sita) (she, that (feminine))

• कदली (kadalī) - a plantain tree (plantain tree, banana tree)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as if)

• तन्वी (tanvī) - slender (plantain tree) (slender, delicate (feminine))

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

इव (iva) - as if (emphasizing the nature of the words) (like, as if, as it were)

(indeclinable)

Note: Often used for comparison or emphasis.

तत् (tat) - those (words) (that, those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, him, her, it

Note: Agrees with 'vākyam'.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, statement (speech, statement, words)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākyā

vākyā - speech, statement, sentence, words

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'uktvā'.

अदुष्टभावा (aduṣṭabhāvā) - with an unblemished heart (referring to Sita) (whose feelings/mind are pure, with an unblemished heart)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of aduṣṭabhāva

aduṣṭabhāva - one whose mind or disposition is pure/unblemished

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+duṣṭa+bhāva)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• duṣṭa – corrupted, wicked, faulty
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root duṣ (to be faulty/bad).
  Root: duṣ (class 4)
• bhāva – state of being, disposition, feeling, heart
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Refers to Sita.

सुदृष्टम् (sudṛṣṭam) - well-reasoned (well-seen, well-conceived, well-reasoned)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sudṛṣṭa

sudṛṣṭa - well-seen, well-observed, well-understood, well-founded

Past Passive Participle

From su- (good) + dṛṣṭa (seen).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+dṛṣṭa)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• dṛṣṭa – seen, perceived, observed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root dṛś (to see).
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'vākyam'.

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken (having spoken, having said)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root vac (to speak) with suffix -ktvā.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Denotes prior action.

रजनीचरम् (rajanīcaram) - to that night-prowler (Rāvaṇa) (night-prowler, demon)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rajanīcara

rajanīcara - night-prowler, demon, Rākṣasa

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (rajanī+cara)

• rajanī – night
  noun (feminine)
• cara – one who moves/roams
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from root car (to move).
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Object of 'uktvā'.

तम् (tam) - that (Rāvaṇa) (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, her, it

Note: Agrees with 'rajanīcaram'.

गात्रप्र्कम्पात् (gātraprkampāt) - from the trembling of her limbs (from the trembling of the limbs)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of gātraprkampa

gātraprkampa - trembling of limbs

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (gātra+prakampa)

• gātra – limb, body
  noun (neuter)
• prakampa – trembling, shaking
  noun (masculine)
  From pra- (prefix) + root kamp (to tremble).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: kamp (class 1)

Note: Indicates cause or source.

व्यथिता (vyathitā) - distressed (distressed, agitated, pained)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vyathita

vyathita - distressed, troubled, agitated, pained

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vyath (to be distressed).

Root: vyath (class 1)

Note: Refers to Sita.

बभूव (babhūva) - became (became, happened, existed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhū

perfect tense

Root reduplication, 3rd person singular, parasmaipada.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject is Sita.

वातोद्धता (vātoddhatā) - tossed by the wind (agitated by wind, tossed by wind)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vātoddhata

vātoddhata - tossed/agitated by the wind

Past Passive Participle (used adjectivally)

From vāta (wind) + uddhata (lifted, agitated).

Compound type : tṛtīyā tatpuruṣa (vāta+uddhata)

• vāta – wind, air
  noun (masculine)
• uddhata – lifted, raised, agitated, arrogant
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root han (to strike, kill) with upasarga ud.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies Sita.

सा (sā) - she (Sita) (she, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, her, it

Note: Refers to Sita.

कदली (kadalī) - a plantain tree (plantain tree, banana tree)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kadalī

kadalī - plantain tree, banana tree

Note: Part of simile.

इव (iva) - like (like, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: For comparison.

तन्वी (tanvī) - slender (plantain tree) (slender, delicate (feminine))

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tanu

tanu - slender, delicate, thin; body

Feminine form of tanu.

Root: tan (class 8)

Note: Qualifies 'kadalī'.