वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-45, verse-28

रावणेनैवमुक्ता तु कुपिता जनकात्मजा ।
प्रत्युवाचानवद्याङ्गी तमनादृत्य राक्षसं ॥२८॥

28. rāvaṇenaivamuktā tu kupitā janakātmajā ,
pratyuvācānavadyāṅgī tamanādṛtya rākṣasaṃ.

28. rāvaṇena evam uktā tu kupitā janakātmajā
pratyuvāca anavadyāṅgī tam anādṛtya rākṣasam

28. rāvaṇena evam uktā tu kupitā anavadyāṅgī
janakātmajā tam rākṣasam anādṛtya pratyuvāca

28. But Janaka's daughter, Sītā, whose form was faultless, became enraged after being addressed thus by Rāvaṇa. Disregarding that demon (Rākṣasa), she replied to him.

Words meanings summery:

• रावणेन (rāvaṇena) - by Rāvaṇa

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• उक्ता (uktā) - addressed (by Rāvaṇa) (spoken (to), addressed)

• तु (tu) - but, however

• कुपिता (kupitā) - angered, enraged

• जनकात्मजा (janakātmajā) - Sītā (daughter of Janaka)

• प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - she replied

• अनवद्याङ्गी (anavadyāṅgī) - Sītā, having a perfect form (she whose limbs are faultless, she of faultless form)

• तम् (tam) - Rāvaṇa (him)

• अनादृत्य (anādṛtya) - disregarding, disrespecting

• राक्षसम् (rākṣasam) - Rāvaṇa (the demon, the Rākṣasa)

Words meanings and morphology

रावणेन (rāvaṇena) - by Rāvaṇa

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (name of the demon king of Laṅkā)

Note: Agent in the passive construction with 'uktā'.

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying 'uktā'.

उक्ता (uktā) - addressed (by Rāvaṇa) (spoken (to), addressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vac' (to speak) + 'kta' (ta) suffix. The initial 'va' changes to 'u'.

Root: vac (class 2)

तु (tu) - but, however

(indeclinable)

कुपिता (kupitā) - angered, enraged

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kupita

kupita - angered, enraged, wrathful

Past Passive Participle

From root 'kup' (to be angry) + 'kta' (ta) suffix.

Root: kup (class 4)

जनकात्मजा (janakātmajā) - Sītā (daughter of Janaka)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of janakātmajā

janakātmajā - daughter of Janaka, Sītā

Tatpuruṣa compound of 'janaka' (Janaka) and 'ātmajā' (daughter).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (janaka+ātmajā)

• janaka – Janaka (name of a king, Sītā's father)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 1)
• ātmajā – daughter, born of oneself
  noun (feminine)
  Feminine of 'ātmaja', from 'ātman' (self) + 'ja' (born).
  Root: jan (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'pratyuvāca'.

प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - she replied

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of prativac

Perfect Tense, 3rd person, singular, active voice

From root 'vac' (to speak) with prefix 'prati' (back, against). 'uvāca' is the perfect form of 'vac'.

Prefix: prati

Root: vac (class 2)

अनवद्याङ्गी (anavadyāṅgī) - Sītā, having a perfect form (she whose limbs are faultless, she of faultless form)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of anavadyāṅgī

anavadyāṅgī - having faultless limbs, perfect in form, blameless

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'na avadyam aṅgam yasyāḥ sā' (she whose limbs are not faulty). Formed from 'anavadya' (faultless) and 'aṅga' (limb, body).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (anavadya+aṅga)

• anavadya – not to be blamed, faultless, irreproachable
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  From 'a' (not) + 'vadya' (to be spoken ill of), which comes from root 'vad' (to speak).
  Root: vad (class 1)
• aṅga – limb, body part, form
  noun (neuter)

तम् (tam) - Rāvaṇa (him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Masculine accusative singular of the pronoun 'tad'.

Note: Object of 'anādṛtya'.

अनादृत्य (anādṛtya) - disregarding, disrespecting

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root 'dṛ' (to honor) with prefixes 'ā' and 'an' (negation). Suffix 'lyap' is used with prefixes.

Prefixes: an+ā

Root: dṛ (class 6)

Note: Gerund indicating an action performed before or concurrently with the main verb.

राक्षसम् (rākṣasam) - Rāvaṇa (the demon, the Rākṣasa)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, evil spirit, Rākṣasa

Related to 'rakṣas'.

Note: Object of 'anādṛtya'.