वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-45, verse-12

तव पित्रा समाज्ञप्तं ममेदं शृणु राघव ।
भरताय प्रदातव्यमिदं राज्यमकण्टकम् ॥१२॥

12. tava pitrā samājñaptaṃ mamedaṃ śṛṇu rāghava ,
bharatāya pradātavyamidaṃ rājyamakaṇṭakam.

12. tava pitrā samājñaptam mama idam śṛṇu rāghava
bharatāya pradātavyam idam rājyam akaṇṭakam

12. rāghava tava pitrā mama samājñaptam idam śṛṇu
idam akaṇṭakam rājyam bharatāya pradātavyam

12. O Raghava, listen to this [command] given to me by your father: this undisputed kingdom is to be given to Bharata.

Words meanings summery:

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• पित्रा (pitrā) - by the father

• समाज्ञप्तम् (samājñaptam) - commanded, ordered, instructed

• मम (mama) - here implying 'given to me' or 'belonging to me' (to me, of me)

• इदम् (idam) - this command (this)

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen! hear!

• राघव (rāghava) - O Rama (O Raghava (descendant of Raghu))

• भरताय (bharatāya) - to Bharata

• प्रदातव्यम् (pradātavyam) - to be given, should be given

• इदम् (idam) - this kingdom (this)

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, reign, dominion

• अकण्टकम् (akaṇṭakam) - thornless, unimpeded, undisputed

Words meanings and morphology

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you, yourself

पित्रा (pitrā) - by the father

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

समाज्ञप्तम् (samājñaptam) - commanded, ordered, instructed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of samājñapta

samājñapta - commanded, ordered, instructed

Past Passive Participle

From root 'jñā' (to know, command) with prefixes 'sam' (together, completely) and 'ā' (towards), and suffix 'kta' (P.P.P.).

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: jñā (class 9)

मम (mama) - here implying 'given to me' or 'belonging to me' (to me, of me)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, myself

Note: Can be genitive or dative. Context implies dative, 'to me'.

इदम् (idam) - this command (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Object of 'śṛṇu'.

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen! hear!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Imperative Active

Second person singular imperative form of root 'śru'.

Root: śru (class 5)

राघव (rāghava) - O Rama (O Raghava (descendant of Raghu))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, Rama

Patronymic derived from Raghu.

भरताय (bharatāya) - to Bharata

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (proper name), cherished, maintained

प्रदातव्यम् (pradātavyam) - to be given, should be given

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pradātavya

pradātavya - to be given, fit to be given

Gerundive

From root 'dā' (to give) with prefix 'pra' and suffix 'tavya'.

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

इदम् (idam) - this kingdom (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Modifies 'rājyam'.

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, reign, dominion

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, dominion

Derived from 'rājan' (king).

अकण्टकम् (akaṇṭakam) - thornless, unimpeded, undisputed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of akaṇṭaka

akaṇṭaka - thornless, free from enemies or obstacles, undisputed

Negative compound 'a' (not) + 'kaṇṭaka' (thorn, obstacle).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (a+kaṇṭaka)

• a – not, un-, without
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• kaṇṭaka – thorn, obstacle, enemy
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'rājyam'.

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