वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-35, verse-36

न्यवर्तत जनो राज्ञो रामं कृत्वा प्रदक्षिणम् ।
मनसाप्यश्रुवेगैश्च न न्यवर्तत मानुषम् ॥३६॥

36. nyavartata jano rājño rāmaṃ kṛtvā pradakṣiṇam ,
manasāpyaśruvegaiśca na nyavartata mānuṣam.

36. nyavartata janaḥ rājñaḥ rāmam kṛtvā pradakṣiṇam
manasā api aśruvegaiḥ ca na nyavartata mānuṣam

36. rājñaḥ janaḥ rāmam pradakṣiṇam kṛtvā nyavartata
manasā api aśruvegaiḥ ca mānuṣam na nyavartata

36. The king's people returned after circumambulating Rama. Yet, their human hearts (mānuṣam), with their minds and torrents of tears, did not return.

Words meanings summery:

• न्यवर्तत (nyavartata) - returned (returned, turned back)

• जनः (janaḥ) - the people (of the king) (people, crowd)

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king (Daśaratha) (of the king)

• रामम् (rāmam) - Rama

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having performed (circumambulation) (having done, having made)

• प्रदक्षिणम् (pradakṣiṇam) - circumambulation (clockwise, as a mark of respect) (circumambulation (clockwise), auspicious, right side)

• मनसा (manasā) - with their minds (by mind, with the mind)

• अपि (api) - but even, also (even, also, though)

• अश्रुवेगैः (aśruvegaiḥ) - by torrents of tears (by torrents of tears, by surges of tears)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• न (na) - did not (not, no)

• न्यवर्तत (nyavartata) - did not return (returned, turned back)

• मानुषम् (mānuṣam) - the human heart/sentiment (human, human being, humanity, human sentiment/heart)

Words meanings and morphology

न्यवर्तत (nyavartata) - returned (returned, turned back)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of vṛt

Imperfect Middle, 3rd person singular

Root vṛt (to turn), 1st class (bhvādi), Atmanepada. Prefixed with ni-a-. ni is upasarga. a is augment.

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

जनः (janaḥ) - the people (of the king) (people, crowd)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jana

jana - person, people, creature, man

Root: jan

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king (Daśaratha) (of the king)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

n-stem noun.

Root: rāj

Note: Possessive, describing janaḥ.

रामम् (rāmam) - Rama

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama

Root: ram

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having performed (circumambulation) (having done, having made)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root kṛ (to do), 8th class (tanādi), Ubhayapadin, with absolutive suffix tvā.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

प्रदक्षिणम् (pradakṣiṇam) - circumambulation (clockwise, as a mark of respect) (circumambulation (clockwise), auspicious, right side)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pradakṣiṇa

pradakṣiṇa - auspicious, right, clockwise circumambulation

Formed from pra (forward) + dakṣiṇa (right). Often used adverbially in neuter accusative singular.

Note: Object of kṛtvā, indicating the action performed.

मनसा (manasā) - with their minds (by mind, with the mind)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, heart, soul, thought

s-stem neuter noun.

Root: man

अपि (api) - but even, also (even, also, though)

(indeclinable)

Indeclinable particle.

अश्रुवेगैः (aśruvegaiḥ) - by torrents of tears (by torrents of tears, by surges of tears)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of aśruvega

aśruvega - torrent of tears, flood of tears

Compound: aśru (tear) + vega (force, torrent).

Compound type : tatpurusha (aśru+vega)

• aśru – tear, teardrop
  noun (neuter)
• vega – speed, velocity, force, current, torrent
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vij

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

न (na) - did not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Indeclinable particle of negation.

न्यवर्तत (nyavartata) - did not return (returned, turned back)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of vṛt

Imperfect Middle, 3rd person singular

Root vṛt (to turn), 1st class (bhvādi), Atmanepada. Prefixed with ni-a-. ni is upasarga. a is augment.

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

मानुषम् (mānuṣam) - the human heart/sentiment (human, human being, humanity, human sentiment/heart)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mānuṣa

mānuṣa - human, man, humanity, human sentiment, mind

Derived from manu (man) + ṣa. Often used in neuter singular to mean 'humanity' or 'human heart/sentiment'.

Note: Refers to the collective human feeling or sentiment of the people.

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