वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-35, verse-11

चतुर्दश हि वर्षाणि वस्तव्यानि वने त्वया ।
तान्युपक्रमितव्यानि यानि देव्यासि चोदितः ॥११॥

11. caturdaśa hi varṣāṇi vastavyāni vane tvayā ,
tānyupakramitavyāni yāni devyāsi coditaḥ.

11. caturdaśa hi varṣāṇi vastavyāni vane tvayā
tāni upakramitavyāni yāni devyā asi coditaḥ

11. hi caturdaśa varṣāṇi tvayā vane vastavyāni
yāni devyā coditaḥ asi tāni upakramitavyāni

11. Indeed, fourteen years are to be spent by you in the forest. You must undertake those (years of exile) for which you have been commanded by the queen (Kaikeyi).

Words meanings summery:

• चतुर्दश (caturdaśa) - fourteen

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - years

• वस्तव्यानि (vastavyāni) - are to be dwelt, are to be spent

• वने (vane) - in the forest

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• तानि (tāni) - those (years)

• उपक्रमितव्यानि (upakramitavyāni) - are to be undertaken, are to be commenced

• यानि (yāni) - which (years)

• देव्या (devyā) - by Queen Kaikeyi (by the queen)

• असि (asi) - you are

• चोदितः (coditaḥ) - commanded, urged, instructed

Words meanings and morphology

चतुर्दश (caturdaśa) - fourteen

(adjective)

Nominative, plural of caturdaśan

caturdaśan - fourteen

Note: Acts as an adjective modifying 'varṣāṇi'.

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - years

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of varṣa

varṣa - rain, year

वस्तव्यानि (vastavyāni) - are to be dwelt, are to be spent

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of vastavya

vastavya - to be dwelt in, to be resided in

Gerundive

Formed from root 'vas' (to dwell) with the suffix '-tavya'.

Root: vas (class 1)

वने (vane) - in the forest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of tvad

tvad - you

तानि (tāni) - those (years)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers back to 'varṣāṇi'.

उपक्रमितव्यानि (upakramitavyāni) - are to be undertaken, are to be commenced

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of upakramitavya

upakramitavya - to be undertaken, to be begun

Gerundive

Formed from root 'kram' (to step, go) with prefix 'upa', and suffix '-tavya'.

Prefix: upa

Root: kram (class 1)

यानि (yāni) - which (years)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of yad

yad - which, what

Note: Relative pronoun, refers to 'varṣāṇi'.

देव्या (devyā) - by Queen Kaikeyi (by the queen)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of devī

devī - goddess, queen, lady

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

चोदितः (coditaḥ) - commanded, urged, instructed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of codita

codita - urged, impelled, commanded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'cud' (to urge, command).

Root: cud (class 1)