वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-35, verse-30

पदातिनौ च यानार्हावदुःखार्हौ सुखोचितौ ।
दृष्ट्वा संचोदयामास शीघ्रं याहीति सारथिम् ॥३०॥

30. padātinau ca yānārhāvaduḥkhārhau sukhocitau ,
dṛṣṭvā saṃcodayāmāsa śīghraṃ yāhīti sārathim.

30. padātinau ca yānārhau aduḥkhārhau sukhocitau
dṛṣṭvā saṃcodayamāsa śīghram yāhi iti sārathim

30. (saḥ) padātinau ca yānārhau aduḥkhārhau sukhocitau
dṛṣṭvā sārathim śīghram yāhi iti saṃcodayamāsa

30. Seeing them — both on foot, though deserving of carriages, not deserving of suffering, and accustomed to comfort — he urged the charioteer, "Go quickly!"

Words meanings summery:

• पदातिनौ (padātinau) - Referring to the king and Kausalya. (on foot, pedestrians)

• च (ca) - and

• यानार्हौ (yānārhau) - deserving of vehicles, fit for carriages

• अदुःखार्हौ (aduḥkhārhau) - not deserving of suffering

• सुकूचितौ (sukūcitau) - accustomed to comfort, fit for happiness

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• संचोदयमास (saṁcodayamāsa) - he urged, he incited

• शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly, swiftly

• याहि (yāhi) - go, proceed

• इति (iti) - thus, so, saying

• सारथिम् (sārathim) - the charioteer

Words meanings and morphology

पदातिनौ (padātinau) - Referring to the king and Kausalya. (on foot, pedestrians)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of padātin

padātin - pedestrian, on foot, infantryman

Note: Qualifies rājānam and mātaram (implied).

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

यानार्हौ (yānārhau) - deserving of vehicles, fit for carriages

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of yānārha

yānārha - deserving of a vehicle/carriage

Tatpurusha compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yāna+arha)

• yāna – vehicle, carriage, going
  noun (neuter)
  Root: yā (class 2)
• arha – deserving, worthy, fit
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies rājānam and mātaram (implied).

अदुःखार्हौ (aduḥkhārhau) - not deserving of suffering

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of aduḥkhārha

aduḥkhārha - not deserving of sorrow or suffering

Nañ-tatpurusha compound of duḥkhārha.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+duḥkhārha)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negation prefix.
• duḥkhārha – deserving of suffering
  adjective (masculine)
  Tatpurusha compound of duḥkha and arha.
• duḥkha – suffering, pain, sorrow
  noun (neuter)
• arha – deserving, worthy, fit
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies rājānam and mātaram (implied).

सुकूचितौ (sukūcitau) - accustomed to comfort, fit for happiness

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of sukūcita

sukūcita - accustomed to comfort/happiness, suited for ease

Tatpurusha compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sukha+ucita)

• sukha – happiness, comfort, ease
  noun (neuter)
• ucita – accustomed, proper, fit, suitable
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root vac (to speak, to be proper); past passive participle formation.
  Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Qualifies rājānam and mātaram (implied).

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of root dṛś with suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

संचोदयमास (saṁcodayamāsa) - he urged, he incited

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of saṃcud

Perfect Tense (Liṭ Lakāra), Causative

Causative of root cud with prefix sam, in perfect tense.

Prefix: sam

Root: cud (class 10)

शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Note: Accusative singular neuter of an adjective used adverbially.

याहि (yāhi) - go, proceed

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of yā

Imperative (Loṭ Lakāra)

Imperative 2nd person singular of root yā.

Root: yā (class 2)

इति (iti) - thus, so, saying

(indeclinable)

सारथिम् (sārathim) - the charioteer

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sārathi

sārathi - charioteer, driver