वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-35, verse-17

ततः सबालवृद्धा सा पुरी परमपीडिता ।
राममेवाभिदुद्राव घर्मार्तः सलिलं यथा ॥१७॥

17. tataḥ sabālavṛddhā sā purī paramapīḍitā ,
rāmamevābhidudrāva gharmārtaḥ salilaṃ yathā.

17. tataḥ sabālavṛddhā sā purī paramapīḍitā rāmam
eva abhidudrāva gharmārtaḥ salilam yathā

17. tataḥ sabālavṛddhā paramapīḍitā sā purī rāmam
eva gharmārtaḥ salilam yathā abhidudrāva

17. Then, that city, including its children and elders, greatly distressed, rushed towards Rama himself, just as one afflicted by heat rushes towards water.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereupon, from that)

• सबालवृद्धा (sabālavṛddhā) - including young and old (with children and old people, including young and old)

• सा (sā) - that

• पुरी (purī) - city (city, town)

• परमपीडिता (paramapīḍitā) - greatly distressed (greatly afflicted, extremely distressed)

• रामम् (rāmam) - Rama

• एव (eva) - himself (emphatic) (only, just, indeed, precisely)

• अभिदुद्राव (abhidudrāva) - rushed towards

• घर्मार्तः (gharmārtaḥ) - afflicted by heat (afflicted by heat, distressed by heat)

• सलिलम् (salilam) - water

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, like)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereupon, from that)

(indeclinable)

सबालवृद्धा (sabālavṛddhā) - including young and old (with children and old people, including young and old)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sabālavṛddha

sabālavṛddha - accompanied by children and old people

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (sa+bāla+vṛddha)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• bāla – child, young
  noun (masculine)
• vṛddha – old, aged, grown
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from √vṛdh (to grow)
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies purī

सा (sā) - that

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Qualifies purī

पुरी (purī) - city (city, town)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of purī

purī - city, town

Note: Subject of the verb abhidudrāva

परमपीडिता (paramapīḍitā) - greatly distressed (greatly afflicted, extremely distressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of paramapīḍita

paramapīḍita - greatly distressed, highly afflicted

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (parama+pīḍita)

• parama – greatest, highest, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
• pīḍita – afflicted, distressed, tormented
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from √pīḍ (to oppress, torment)
  Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Qualifies purī

रामम् (rāmam) - Rama

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (name of the hero of the Ramayana), pleasing, charming

Note: Object of abhidudrāva

एव (eva) - himself (emphatic) (only, just, indeed, precisely)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes rāmam

अभिदुद्राव (abhidudrāva) - rushed towards

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Liṭ) of abhidru

Prefix: abhi

Root: dru (class 1)

घर्मार्तः (gharmārtaḥ) - afflicted by heat (afflicted by heat, distressed by heat)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gharmārta

gharmārta - afflicted by heat

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (gharma+ārta)

• gharma – heat, summer
  noun (masculine)
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, suffering
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from √ṛ (to go, move) with prefix ā or from √ṛt (to suffer)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Refers to an implied person (like janaḥ or lokaḥ) as the subject of the comparison.

सलिलम् (salilam) - water

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of salila

salila - water

Note: Object of implied 'rushes towards' in the simile.

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, like)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces the comparison.