वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-35, verse-35

रामस्य स वचः कुर्वन्ननुज्ञाप्य च तं जनम् ।
व्रजतो ऽपि हयाञ् शीघ्रं चोदयामास सारथिः ॥३५॥

35. rāmasya sa vacaḥ kurvannanujñāpya ca taṃ janam ,
vrajato'pi hayāñ śīghraṃ codayāmāsa sārathiḥ.

35. rāmasya saḥ vacaḥ kurvan anujñāpya ca tam janam
vrajataḥ api hayān śīghram codayām āsa sārathiḥ

35. saḥ sārathiḥ rāmasya vacaḥ kurvan ca tam janam
anujñāpya vrajataḥ api hayān śīghram codayām āsa

35. Obeying Rama's command and bidding farewell to that crowd, the charioteer (Sumantra) urged the horses on quickly, even as they were already moving.

Words meanings summery:

• रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rama

• सः (saḥ) - he (Sumantra) (he, that)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - command (word, speech, command)

• कुर्वन् (kurvan) - obeying (Rama's command) (doing, making, performing)

• अनुज्ञाप्य (anujñāpya) - having bid farewell (to the people) (having taken leave, having bid farewell)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तम् (tam) - that (crowd) (him, that)

• जनम् (janam) - the people (of Ayodhya) (people, crowd, person)

• व्रजतः (vrajataḥ) - of the (already) moving (horses) (going, moving, of one going)

• अपि (api) - even though (even, also, though)

• हयान् (hayān) - the horses (horses)

• शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

• चोदयाम् (codayām) - urged (urged, impelled)

• आस (āsa) - (he) was (part of periphrastic perfect) (was, became)

• सारथिः (sārathiḥ) - the charioteer (Sumantra) (charioteer)

Words meanings and morphology

रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rama

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama

Root: ram

सः (saḥ) - he (Sumantra) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine nominative singular.

वचः (vacaḥ) - command (word, speech, command)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, voice, command, saying

s-stem neuter noun.

Root: vac

कुर्वन् (kurvan) - obeying (Rama's command) (doing, making, performing)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kurvat

kurvat - doing, making, performing

Present Active Participle

Formed from root kṛ (to do, to make), 8th class (tanādi), Ubhayapadin. Present participle suffix śatṛ.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अनुज्ञाप्य (anujñāpya) - having bid farewell (to the people) (having taken leave, having bid farewell)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from anu-jñā (to permit, to allow) with the causative suffix -āp and absolutive suffix -ya (for prefixed verbs). Root jñā (to know), 9th class (kryādi), Ubhayapadin.

Prefix: anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

तम् (tam) - that (crowd) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of anujñāpya.

जनम् (janam) - the people (of Ayodhya) (people, crowd, person)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jana

jana - person, people, creature, man

Root: jan

व्रजतः (vrajataḥ) - of the (already) moving (horses) (going, moving, of one going)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vrajat

vrajat - going, moving, proceeding

Present Active Participle

Formed from root vraj (to go), 1st class (bhvādi), Parasmaipada. Present participle suffix śatṛ.

Root: vraj (class 1)

अपि (api) - even though (even, also, though)

(indeclinable)

Indeclinable particle.

हयान् (hayān) - the horses (horses)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse, steed

Derived from root hi (to go).

Root: hi

शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

(indeclinable)

Often used adverbially in neuter accusative singular.

Note: Adverb modifying codayām āsa.

चोदयाम् (codayām) - urged (urged, impelled)

(verb)

active

Causative formation, part of a periphrastic perfect

Root cud (to impel), 10th class (curādi), Parasmaipada. codayām āsa is a periphrastic perfect using the accusative of a noun formed from the causative stem + the perfect of as (to be).

Root: cud (class 10)

आस (āsa) - (he) was (part of periphrastic perfect) (was, became)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of as

Perfect Active, 3rd person singular

Root as (to be), 2nd class (adādi), Parasmaipada. Irregular perfect form.

Root: as (class 2)

सारथिः (sārathiḥ) - the charioteer (Sumantra) (charioteer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sārathi

sārathi - charioteer

Derived from sa-ratha (with a chariot).