वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-35, verse-28

हा रामेति जनाः के चिद् राममातेति चापरे ।
अन्तःपुरं समृद्धं च क्रोशन्तं पर्यदेवयन् ॥२८॥

28. hā rāmeti janāḥ ke cid rāmamāteti cāpare ,
antaḥpuraṃ samṛddhaṃ ca krośantaṃ paryadevayan.

28. hā Rāma iti janāḥ ke cit Rāmamātā iti ca apare
antaḥpuram samṛddham ca krośantam paryadevayan

28. ke cit janāḥ hā Rāma iti apare ca Rāmamātā iti
antaḥpuram samṛddham ca krośantam paryadevayan

28. Some people cried out, "Alas, Rama!", while others exclaimed, "Rama's mother!". And the women of the opulent inner apartment (antaḥpura), wailing loudly, lamented deeply.

Words meanings summery:

• हा (hā) - Alas! (alas!, ah!, oh! (exclamation of sorrow or pain))

• राम (rāma) - Rāma (being addressed) (Rāma)

• इति (iti) - thus (marking reported speech) (thus, in this manner, saying)

• जनाः (janāḥ) - people (people, men, folk)

• के (ke) - some (people) (who, what, which; some)

• चित् (cit) - (making 'ke' indefinite) some (a particle implying 'and' or 'also'; or, when combined with interrogatives, indicating indefiniteness ('some', 'any'))

• राममाता (rāmamātā) - Rama's mother (Kaushalyā) (Rama's mother)

• इति (iti) - thus (marking reported speech) (thus, in this manner, saying)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• अपरे (apare) - others (people) (others, other, different)

• अन्तःपुरम् (antaḥpuram) - the inner apartment (the women of the harem) (inner apartment, royal harem, women's quarter)

• समृद्धम् (samṛddham) - opulent, abundant (prosperous, wealthy, abundant, complete, accomplished)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• क्रोशन्तम् (krośantam) - wailing loudly (crying out, shouting, wailing)

• पर्यदेवयन् (paryadevayan) - lamented deeply (lamented deeply, wailed, grieved)

Words meanings and morphology

हा (hā) - Alas! (alas!, ah!, oh! (exclamation of sorrow or pain))

(indeclinable)

राम (rāma) - Rāma (being addressed) (Rāma)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of Rāma

Rāma - Rāma (an incarnation of Viṣṇu, son of Daśaratha)

Note: Used in direct address as an exclamation.

इति (iti) - thus (marking reported speech) (thus, in this manner, saying)

(indeclinable)

जनाः (janāḥ) - people (people, men, folk)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jana

jana - person, man, people

के (ke) - some (people) (who, what, which; some)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kim

kim - who, what, which (interrogative pronoun); some, any (indefinite pronoun)

Note: Used as an indefinite pronoun, 'some'.

चित् (cit) - (making 'ke' indefinite) some (a particle implying 'and' or 'also'; or, when combined with interrogatives, indicating indefiniteness ('some', 'any'))

(indeclinable)

Note: Combines with 'ke' to mean 'some'.

राममाता (rāmamātā) - Rama's mother (Kaushalyā) (Rama's mother)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of Rāmamātṛ

Rāmamātṛ - Rama's mother

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (Rāma+mātṛ)

• Rāma – Rāma (an incarnation of Viṣṇu)
  proper noun (masculine)
• mātṛ – mother
  noun (feminine)

Note: Used as an exclamation, 'O, Rama's mother!'

इति (iti) - thus (marking reported speech) (thus, in this manner, saying)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

अपरे (apare) - others (people) (others, other, different)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apara

apara - other, another, different, subsequent

Note: Refers to other people.

अन्तःपुरम् (antaḥpuram) - the inner apartment (the women of the harem) (inner apartment, royal harem, women's quarter)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of antaḥpura

antaḥpura - inner apartment, royal harem, women's quarter

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (antar+pura)

• antar – within, inside, between
  indeclinable
• pura – city, town, house, inner chamber
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to the occupants of the inner apartment collectively.

समृद्धम् (samṛddham) - opulent, abundant (prosperous, wealthy, abundant, complete, accomplished)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of samṛddha

samṛddha - prosperous, wealthy, abundant, complete, accomplished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'ṛdh' (to prosper, flourish) with prefix 'sam-' (together, thoroughly).

Prefix: sam

Root: ṛdh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with antaḥpuram.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

क्रोशन्तम् (krośantam) - wailing loudly (crying out, shouting, wailing)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of krośat

krośat - crying out, shouting, wailing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'kruś' (to cry out, shout)

Root: kruś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with antaḥpuram, referring to its occupants.

पर्यदेवयन् (paryadevayan) - lamented deeply (lamented deeply, wailed, grieved)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of pari-dev

Imperfect Active

3rd person plural, Parasmaipada, root 'dev' (to lament) with prefix 'pari-'

Prefix: pari

Root: dev (class 1)

Note: Verb for janāḥ, apare, and antaḥpuram (understood collectively).

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