वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-35, verse-34

नाश्रौषमिति राजानमुपालब्धो ऽपि वक्ष्यसि ।
चिरं दुःखस्य पापिष्ठमिति रामस्तमब्रवीत् ॥३४॥

34. nāśrauṣamiti rājānamupālabdho'pi vakṣyasi ,
ciraṃ duḥkhasya pāpiṣṭhamiti rāmastamabravīt.

34. na aśrauṣam iti rājānam upālabdhaḥ api vakṣyasi
ciram duḥkhasya pāpiṣṭham iti rāmaḥ tam abravīt

34. rāmaḥ tam abravīt na aśrauṣam iti rājānam upālabdhaḥ
api vakṣyasi ciram duḥkhasya pāpiṣṭham iti

34. Rama said to him, "Even if you are reproached by the king, you will say, 'I did not hear him.' Thus, this most grievous sorrow will be prolonged for a long time."

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I did not hear (I heard)

• इति (iti) - marking the preceding phrase as a direct quote (thus, so, in this manner, marking quotation)

• राजानम् (rājānam) - the king (Daśaratha) (king)

• उपालब्धः (upālabdhaḥ) - reproached (by the king) (reproached, blamed)

• अपि (api) - even if, though (even, also, though)

• वक्ष्यसि (vakṣyasi) - you (Sumantra) will say (you will say)

• चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time (for a long time, long)

• दुःखस्य (duḥkhasya) - of (this) sorrow (of sorrow, of suffering)

• पापिष्ठम् (pāpiṣṭham) - most grievous (sorrow) (most sinful, most evil, most grievous)

• इति (iti) - marking the entire statement as a direct quote from Rama (thus, so, in this manner, marking quotation)

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama

• तम् (tam) - him (Sumantra) (him, that)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he (Rama) said (he said, he spoke)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Indeclinable particle of negation.

अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I did not hear (I heard)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of śru

Aorist Active, 1st person singular

Root śru (to hear), 5th class (svādi), Parasmaipada. S-aorist form, prefixed with a- augment.

Root: śru (class 5)

इति (iti) - marking the preceding phrase as a direct quote (thus, so, in this manner, marking quotation)

(indeclinable)

Indeclinable particle.

राजानम् (rājānam) - the king (Daśaratha) (king)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

n-stem noun

Root: rāj

Note: Object of implied verb (e.g., 'you will say to').

उपालब्धः (upālabdhaḥ) - reproached (by the king) (reproached, blamed)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upālabdha

upālabdha - reproached, blamed, censured, obtained, received

Past Passive Participle

Formed from upa-ā-labh (to obtain, to blame). Root labh (to obtain), 1st class (bhvādi), Atmanepada. upa and ā are upasargas.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: labh (class 1)

अपि (api) - even if, though (even, also, though)

(indeclinable)

Indeclinable particle.

वक्ष्यसि (vakṣyasi) - you (Sumantra) will say (you will say)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of vac

Future Active, 2nd person singular

Root vac (to speak), 2nd class (adādi), Parasmaipada. S-future form.

Root: vac (class 2)

चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time (for a long time, long)

(indeclinable)

Often used adverbially in neuter accusative singular.

Note: Adverbial accusative, "for a long time".

दुःखस्य (duḥkhasya) - of (this) sorrow (of sorrow, of suffering)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, suffering, pain, misery, discomfort

From dus-kha (difficult to bear).

Note: Connected to pāpiṣṭham.

पापिष्ठम् (pāpiṣṭham) - most grievous (sorrow) (most sinful, most evil, most grievous)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāpiṣṭha

pāpiṣṭha - most sinful, most evil, most wicked, most bad, most grievous

Superlative of pāpin (sinful).

Formed from pāpa (sin) + iṣṭha (superlative suffix).

इति (iti) - marking the entire statement as a direct quote from Rama (thus, so, in this manner, marking quotation)

(indeclinable)

Indeclinable particle.

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (name of a legendary prince, hero of the Ramayana)

Root: ram

तम् (tam) - him (Sumantra) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of abravīt.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he (Rama) said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Active, 3rd person singular

Root brū (to speak), 2nd class (adādi), Parasmaipada. Prefixed with a- augment.

Root: brū (class 2)