मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-78, verse-22
सा च दृष्ट्वा तमायान्तं परपुंसो विशङ्कया ।
जगाम संमुखं तस्य पृष्ठरक्षणतत्परा ॥२२॥
जगाम संमुखं तस्य पृष्ठरक्षणतत्परा ॥२२॥
22. sā ca dṛṣṭvā tamāyāntaṃ parapuṃso viśaṅkayā .
jagāma saṃmukhaṃ tasya pṛṣṭharakṣaṇatatparā.
jagāma saṃmukhaṃ tasya pṛṣṭharakṣaṇatatparā.
22.
sā ca dṛṣṭvā tam āyāntam parapuṃsaḥ viśaṅkayā
jagāma sammukham tasya pṛṣṭharakṣaṇatatparā
jagāma sammukham tasya pṛṣṭharakṣaṇatatparā
22.
And she, seeing him approach, and apprehending him as another male, moved to face him, while intently guarding her back.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सा (sā) - she (Saṃjñā) (she, that (feminine))
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen
- तम् (tam) - him (Surya in horse form) (him, that (masculine accusative))
- आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - approaching (coming, approaching)
- परपुंसः (parapuṁsaḥ) - of another male (horse) (of another man, from another man)
- विशङ्कया (viśaṅkayā) - with apprehension (with apprehension, doubt, suspicion)
- जगाम (jagāma) - moved (went)
- सम्मुखम् (sammukham) - to face, towards (facing, opposite, in front of)
- तस्य (tasya) - his (his, of that)
- पृष्ठरक्षणतत्परा (pṛṣṭharakṣaṇatatparā) - intently guarding her back (intent on protecting her back)
Words meanings and morphology
सा (sā) - she (Saṃjñā) (she, that (feminine))
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of tad
tad - that, she, it
Feminine nominative singular of tad
Note: Subject of jagāma
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
Absolutive suffix tvā
Root: dṛś (class 1)
तम् (tam) - him (Surya in horse form) (him, that (masculine accusative))
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, him
Masculine accusative singular of tad
आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - approaching (coming, approaching)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of āyānt
āyānt - coming, approaching
Present Active Participle
From root yā (to go) with prefix ā (towards) + śatṛ suffix.
Prefix: ā
Root: yā (class 2)
परपुंसः (parapuṁsaḥ) - of another male (horse) (of another man, from another man)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of parapuṃs
parapuṁs - another man, a stranger, supreme person
Compound para (other) + puṃs (man)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+puṃs)
- para – other, another, distant, supreme
adjective - puṃs – man, male, person
noun (masculine)
Note: Governs viśaṅkayā (apprehension from/of)
विशङ्कया (viśaṅkayā) - with apprehension (with apprehension, doubt, suspicion)
(noun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of viśaṅkā
viśaṅkā - apprehension, doubt, suspicion, fear
vi + śaṅk (to doubt) + a suffix
Prefix: vi
Root: śaṅk (class 1)
Note: Means or cause of action
जगाम (jagāma) - moved (went)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of gam
Perfect active indicative
Perfect (liṭ) 3rd person singular active
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Main verb
सम्मुखम् (sammukham) - to face, towards (facing, opposite, in front of)
(indeclinable)
sam + mukha (face)
Compound type : avyayībhāva (sam+mukha)
- sam – together, with, well, perfectly
indeclinable - mukha – face, mouth, front
noun (neuter)
Note: Governs tasya (to face him)
तस्य (tasya) - his (his, of that)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he
Masculine genitive singular of tad
Note: Indicates relation to sammukham
पृष्ठरक्षणतत्परा (pṛṣṭharakṣaṇatatparā) - intently guarding her back (intent on protecting her back)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of pṛṣṭharakṣaṇatatpara
pṛṣṭharakṣaṇatatpara - intent on protecting the back, diligent in guarding the rear
Compound pṛṣṭha (back) + rakṣaṇa (protection) + tatpara (intent on, devoted to)
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pṛṣṭha+rakṣaṇa+tatpara)
- pṛṣṭha – back, rear
noun (neuter) - rakṣaṇa – protection, guarding
noun (neuter)
action noun from root rakṣ
From root rakṣ (to protect) + lyuṭ suffix
Root: rakṣ (class 1) - tatpara – devoted to, intent on, engaged in
adjective (masculine)
tat (that) + para (engaged in)
Note: Qualifies sā