मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-6, verse-19
प्रियपुत्रैश्चातकैश्च तथान्यैर्विविधैः खगैः ।
श्रोत्ररम्यं सुमधुरं कूजद्भिश्चाप्यधिष्ठितम् ॥१९॥
श्रोत्ररम्यं सुमधुरं कूजद्भिश्चाप्यधिष्ठितम् ॥१९॥
19. priyaputraiścātakaiśca tathānyairvividhaiḥ khagaiḥ .
śrotraramyaṃ sumadhuraṃ kūjadbhiścāpyadhiṣṭhitam.
śrotraramyaṃ sumadhuraṃ kūjadbhiścāpyadhiṣṭhitam.
19.
priyaputraiḥ cātakaiḥ ca tathā anyaiḥ vividhaiḥ khagaiḥ
śrotraramyam sumadhuram kūjadbhiḥ ca api adhiṣṭhitam
śrotraramyam sumadhuram kūjadbhiḥ ca api adhiṣṭhitam
19.
And also by priyaputra birds, cātaka birds, and many other diverse birds, whose very sweet chirping and cooing is pleasing to the ears, (the forest is) thereby populated.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- प्रियपुत्रैः (priyaputraiḥ) - by priyaputra birds
- चातकैः (cātakaiḥ) - by cātaka birds (rain-birds)
- च (ca) - and, also, moreover
- तथा (tathā) - and, also (thus, so, in that manner; and, also)
- अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by others
- विविधैः (vividhaiḥ) - by various, diverse
- खगैः (khagaiḥ) - by birds
- श्रोत्ररम्यम् (śrotraramyam) - pleasing to the ears
- सुमधुरम् (sumadhuram) - very sweet
- कूजद्भिः (kūjadbhiḥ) - by those chirping, by those cooing
- च (ca) - and, also, moreover
- अपि (api) - also, too, even
- अधिष्ठितम् (adhiṣṭhitam) - occupied, inhabited, filled with
Words meanings and morphology
प्रियपुत्रैः (priyaputraiḥ) - by priyaputra birds
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of priyaputra
priyaputra - a type of bird; 'dear son'
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (priya+putra)
- priya – dear, beloved, pleasing
adjective (masculine) - putra – son, child
noun (masculine)
चातकैः (cātakaiḥ) - by cātaka birds (rain-birds)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of cātaka
cātaka - the cātaka bird (Cuculus melanoleucus), a rain-bird said to drink only rainwater
च (ca) - and, also, moreover
(indeclinable)
तथा (tathā) - and, also (thus, so, in that manner; and, also)
(indeclinable)
अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by others
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of anya
anya - other, another
विविधैः (vividhaiḥ) - by various, diverse
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of vividha
vividha - various, diverse, manifold, of many kinds
खगैः (khagaiḥ) - by birds
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of khaga
khaga - bird; one who moves in the sky (kha-ga); star, planet, arrow
Compound 'sky-goer'
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kha+ga)
- kha – sky, ether, space; a zero
noun (neuter) - ga – going, moving; one who goes
adjective (masculine)
Agent noun/suffix
From root gam (to go)
Root: gam (class 1)
श्रोत्ररम्यम् (śrotraramyam) - pleasing to the ears
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of śrotraramya
śrotraramya - pleasing to the ear
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śrotra+ramya)
- śrotra – ear; the sense of hearing
noun (neuter) - ramya – pleasant, delightful, charming, beautiful
adjective (masculine)
Gerundive (Pot. Pass. Part.)
From root ram (to play, delight in) + -ya suffix
Root: ram (class 1)
Note: Agrees with an implied 'place' or 'sound'
सुमधुरम् (sumadhuram) - very sweet
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of sumadhura
sumadhura - very sweet; melodious
Compound type : prādi-samāsa (su+madhura)
- su – good, well, excellent, very
indeclinable - madhura – sweet, pleasant, charming
adjective (neuter)
Note: Agrees with an implied 'place' or 'sound'
कूजद्भिः (kūjadbhiḥ) - by those chirping, by those cooing
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of kūjat
kūjat - chirping, cooing, humming
Present Active Participle
From root kūj (to coo, chir), present stem kūja- + -at suffix
Root: kūj (class 1)
Note: Refers to the birds (khagaiḥ)
च (ca) - and, also, moreover
(indeclinable)
अपि (api) - also, too, even
(indeclinable)
अधिष्ठितम् (adhiṣṭhitam) - occupied, inhabited, filled with
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of adhiṣṭhita
adhiṣṭhita - placed, seated on; presided over; occupied, inhabited, filled with
Past Passive Participle
From prefix adhi- + root sthā (to stand, remain) + -ta suffix
Prefix: adhi
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Agrees with an implied object like 'place' or 'forest'