मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-12, verse-3
पुत्र उवाच ।
रौरवस्ते समाख्यातः प्रथमं नरको मया ।
महारौरवसंज्ञं तु शृणुष्व नरकं पितः ॥३॥
रौरवस्ते समाख्यातः प्रथमं नरको मया ।
महारौरवसंज्ञं तु शृणुष्व नरकं पितः ॥३॥
3. putra uvāca .
rauravaste samākhyātaḥ prathamaṃ narako mayā .
mahārauravasaṃjñaṃ tu śṛṇuṣva narakaṃ pitaḥ.
rauravaste samākhyātaḥ prathamaṃ narako mayā .
mahārauravasaṃjñaṃ tu śṛṇuṣva narakaṃ pitaḥ.
3.
putraḥ uvāca rauravaḥ te samākhyātaḥ prathamaṃ narakaḥ
mayā mahārauravasaṃjñam tu śṛṇuṣva narakaṃ pitaḥ
mayā mahārauravasaṃjñam tu śṛṇuṣva narakaṃ pitaḥ
3.
The son said: 'O father, the hell called Raurava was described by me to you first. Now, listen concerning the hell named Maharaurava.'
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son
- उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
- रौरवः (rauravaḥ) - Raurava (a specific hell)
- ते (te) - to you (the father) (to you)
- समाख्यातः (samākhyātaḥ) - described, explained
- प्रथमं (prathamaṁ) - first, initially
- नरकः (narakaḥ) - hell
- मया (mayā) - by me
- महारौरवसंज्ञम् (mahārauravasaṁjñam) - named Maharaurava, known as Maharaurava
- तु (tu) - but, however, indeed
- शृणुष्व (śṛṇuṣva) - hear, listen
- नरकं (narakaṁ) - hell
- पितः (pitaḥ) - O father
Words meanings and morphology
पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of putra
putra - son, child
Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.
उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac
Perfect tense
Perfect tense (liṭ) 3rd person singular, Parasmaipada of root vac.
Root: vac (class 2)
रौरवः (rauravaḥ) - Raurava (a specific hell)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of raurava
raurava - name of a particular hell (literally 'terrible, roaring')
Note: Subject or complement of implied verb 'is'.
ते (te) - to you (the father) (to you)
(pronoun)
Dative, singular of tvad
tvad - you (pronoun)
Note: Enclitic form of 'tvad'.
समाख्यातः (samākhyātaḥ) - described, explained
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of samākhyāta
samākhyāta - described, told, narrated, explained
Past Passive Participle
Root khyā (to tell, to narrate) with prefixes sam and ā, and suffix kta (for PPP).
Prefixes: sam+ā
Root: khyā (class 2)
Note: Adjective modifying 'rauravaḥ narakaḥ'.
प्रथमं (prathamaṁ) - first, initially
(indeclinable)
Superlative suffix ma from pra.
Note: Adverbial use of accusative singular neuter.
नरकः (narakaḥ) - hell
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of naraka
naraka - hell, a place of torment
Note: Noun in apposition to 'rauravaḥ'.
मया (mayā) - by me
(pronoun)
Instrumental, singular of mad
mad - I (pronoun)
Note: Agent in passive construction.
महारौरवसंज्ञम् (mahārauravasaṁjñam) - named Maharaurava, known as Maharaurava
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of mahārauravasaṃjña
mahārauravasaṁjña - named Maharaurava
Compound. 'mahā' (great) + 'raurava' (Raurava) + 'saṃjña' (name, designation). Means 'having the name Maharaurava'.
Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+raurava+saṃjñā)
- mahā – great, large, mighty
adjective - raurava – Raurava (hell)
proper noun (masculine) - saṃjñā – name, designation, consciousness
noun (feminine)
Prefix: sam
Root: jñā (class 9)
Note: Modifying 'narakaṃ'.
तु (tu) - but, however, indeed
(indeclinable)
Note: Particle indicating contrast or transition.
शृणुष्व (śṛṇuṣva) - hear, listen
(verb)
2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of śru
Imperative
Root śru (5th class, Ātmanepada) Imperative 2nd person singular.
Root: śru (class 5)
नरकं (narakaṁ) - hell
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of naraka
naraka - hell, a place of torment
Note: Object of 'śṛṇuṣva'.
पितः (pitaḥ) - O father
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of pitṛ
pitṛ - father, ancestor
Note: Used as an address.