मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-12, verse-25
योजनानां सहस्रं यो ज्वलदग्न्यास्तृतावनिः ।
तप्ताः सूर्यकरैश्चण्डैर्यत्रातीव सुदारुणैः ॥२५॥
तप्ताः सूर्यकरैश्चण्डैर्यत्रातीव सुदारुणैः ॥२५॥
25. yojanānāṃ sahasraṃ yo jvaladagnyāstṛtāvaniḥ .
taptāḥ sūryakaraiścaṇḍairyatrātīva sudāruṇaiḥ.
taptāḥ sūryakaraiścaṇḍairyatrātīva sudāruṇaiḥ.
25.
yojanānām sahasram yaḥ jvalat agni āstṛta avaniḥ |
taptāḥ sūrya karaiḥ caṇḍaiḥ yatra atīva su dāruṇaiḥ
taptāḥ sūrya karaiḥ caṇḍaiḥ yatra atīva su dāruṇaiḥ
25.
This hell, which is a thousand yojanas in extent, has its ground covered with blazing fire. There, beings are scorched by exceedingly fierce and extremely dreadful sun-rays.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- योजनानाम् (yojanānām) - of yojanas (of yojanas (a measure of distance))
- सहस्रम् (sahasram) - a thousand (yojanas) (a thousand)
- यः (yaḥ) - which (hell) (which, who)
- ज्वलद्-अग्नि-आस्तृत-अवनिः (jvalad-agni-āstṛta-avaniḥ) - its ground covered with blazing fire (having its ground covered with blazing fire)
- तप्ताः (taptāḥ) - scorched, tormented (heated, scorched, tormented, performed (tapas))
- सूर्य-करैः (sūrya-karaiḥ) - by sun-rays
- चण्डैः (caṇḍaiḥ) - by fierce (rays) (by fierce, by violent, by passionate)
- यत्र (yatra) - where (in this hell) (where, in which, in which place)
- अतीव (atīva) - exceedingly, intensely (exceedingly, intensely, very much)
- सु (su) - extremely, very (good, well, very, exceedingly)
- दारुणैः (dāruṇaiḥ) - by dreadful (rays) (by dreadful, by terrible, by cruel)
Words meanings and morphology
योजनानाम् (yojanānām) - of yojanas (of yojanas (a measure of distance))
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, plural of yojana
yojana - a measure of distance (varying, typically 8-10 miles), joining, yoking
सहस्रम् (sahasram) - a thousand (yojanas) (a thousand)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of sahasra
sahasra - a thousand, myriad
यः (yaḥ) - which (hell) (which, who)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - which, what, who, that
Note: Refers back to 'naraka' (hell) from the previous verse.
ज्वलद्-अग्नि-आस्तृत-अवनिः (jvalad-agni-āstṛta-avaniḥ) - its ground covered with blazing fire (having its ground covered with blazing fire)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of jvaladagnyāstṛtāvani
jvaladagnyāstṛtāvani - whose ground is spread with blazing fire
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jvalat+agni+āstṛta+avani)
- jvalat – blazing, burning, shining
adjective (neuter)
Present Active Participle
Derived from the root √jval (to blaze, burn).
Root: jval (class 1) - agni – fire, sacred fire, digestive fire
noun (masculine) - āstṛta – covered, spread, strewn
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from the root √stṛ (to spread, strew) with the upasarga `ā`.
Prefix: ā
Root: stṛ (class 5) - avani – earth, ground, land, world
noun (feminine)
तप्ताः (taptāḥ) - scorched, tormented (heated, scorched, tormented, performed (tapas))
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of tapta
tapta - heated, warm, scorched, tormented, practiced (as in tapas)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from the root √tap (to heat, suffer, perform asceticism (tapas)).
Root: tap (class 1)
Note: Refers to the beings (jantu) from verse 132405.
सूर्य-करैः (sūrya-karaiḥ) - by sun-rays
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of sūryakara
sūryakara - sun-ray
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sūrya+kara)
- sūrya – sun, the sun god
noun (masculine) - kara – hand, ray, tribute, tax
noun (masculine)
चण्डैः (caṇḍaiḥ) - by fierce (rays) (by fierce, by violent, by passionate)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of caṇḍa
caṇḍa - fierce, violent, passionate, wrathful, dreadful
Note: Agrees with `sūryakaraiḥ`.
यत्र (yatra) - where (in this hell) (where, in which, in which place)
(indeclinable)
अतीव (atīva) - exceedingly, intensely (exceedingly, intensely, very much)
(indeclinable)
सु (su) - extremely, very (good, well, very, exceedingly)
(indeclinable)
Prefix or intensifier.
Note: Used as an intensifier for `dāruṇaiḥ`.
दारुणैः (dāruṇaiḥ) - by dreadful (rays) (by dreadful, by terrible, by cruel)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of dāruṇa
dāruṇa - dreadful, terrible, cruel, harsh, severe, formidable
Note: Agrees with `sūryakaraiḥ`.