महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-10, verse-16

ततः क्रुद्धो महेष्वासस्तत्सैन्यं प्राद्रवच्छरैः ।
अन्तकाले यथा क्रुद्धः सर्वभूतानि प्रेतराट् ।
द्रावयन्निषुभिस्तूर्णं श्रुतकर्मा व्यरोचत ॥१६॥

16. tataḥ kruddho maheṣvāsastatsainyaṁ prādravaccharaiḥ ,
antakāle yathā kruddhaḥ sarvabhūtāni pretarāṭ ,
drāvayanniṣubhistūrṇaṁ śrutakarmā vyarocata.

16. tataḥ kruddhaḥ maheṣvāsaḥ tat sainyaṃ
prādravat śaraiḥ antakāle yathā
kruddhaḥ sarvabhūtāni pretarāṭ drāvayan
iṣubhiḥ tūrṇaṃ śrutakarmā vyarocata

16. tataḥ kruddhaḥ maheṣvāsaḥ tat sainyaṃ
śaraiḥ prādravat yathā antakāle
kruddhaḥ pretarāṭ sarvabhūtāni drāvayan
iṣubhiḥ tūrṇaṃ śrutakarmā vyarocata

16. Then, enraged, the great archer (maheṣvāsa) attacked that army with arrows. Just as the enraged lord of spirits (pretarāṭ) [Yama] at the time of dissolution (antakāla) disperses all beings (sarvabhūtāni), so Śrutakarmā shone brilliantly, quickly scattering [the foes] with his arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, afterwards

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry

• महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - Refers to Śrutakarmā. (great archer, one with a great bow)

• तत् (tat) - Refers to the enemy army. (that)

• सैन्यं (sainyaṁ) - army, host

• प्राद्रवत् (prādravat) - he rushed forth, he attacked

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• अन्तकाले (antakāle) - Refers to the cosmic dissolution or the moment of death. (at the time of destruction, at the end of time, at the time of death)

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in what manner

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry

• सर्वभूतानि (sarvabhūtāni) - all beings, all creatures

• प्रेतराट् (pretarāṭ) - Refers to Yama, the god of death. (lord of spirits, lord of the dead, Yama)

• द्रावयन् (drāvayan) - Describes Śrutakarmā's action on the enemy. (causing to flee, dispersing, putting to flight)

• इषुभिः (iṣubhiḥ) - with arrows

• तूर्णं (tūrṇaṁ) - swiftly, quickly

• श्रुतकर्मा (śrutakarmā) - One of the Pāṇḍavas' sons, known for his deeds. (Śrutakarmā (proper name))

• व्यरोचत (vyarocata) - he shone, he gleamed, he appeared splendid

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, afterwards

(indeclinable)

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - enraged, angry, furious

Past Passive Participle

From √krudh

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with maheṣvāsaḥ and pretarāṭ.

महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - Refers to Śrutakarmā. (great archer, one with a great bow)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - a great archer, having a great bow

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• iṣvāsa – bow, archer
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of prādravat.

तत् (tat) - Refers to the enemy army. (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Agrees with sainyaṃ.

सैन्यं (sainyaṁ) - army, host

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host, troop

Note: Object of prādravat.

प्राद्रवत् (prādravat) - he rushed forth, he attacked

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of prādravat

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice. From root √dru (to run) with prefix pra- and ā-.

Prefixes: pra+ā

Root: dru (class 1)

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

अन्तकाले (antakāle) - Refers to the cosmic dissolution or the moment of death. (at the time of destruction, at the end of time, at the time of death)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of antakāla

antakāla - time of death, time of destruction, end of time

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (anta+kāla)

• anta – end, boundary, death
  noun (masculine)
• kāla – time
  noun (masculine)

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in what manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a simile.

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - enraged, angry, furious

Past Passive Participle

From √krudh

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with pretarāṭ.

सर्वभूतानि (sarvabhūtāni) - all beings, all creatures

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of sarvabhūta

sarvabhūta - all beings, all creatures

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+bhūta)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun (neuter)
• bhūta – being, creature, element, past
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √bhū
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Object of drāvayan (implied action for pretarāṭ).

प्रेतराट् (pretarāṭ) - Refers to Yama, the god of death. (lord of spirits, lord of the dead, Yama)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pretarāj

pretarāj - king of the dead, lord of spirits, Yama

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (preta+rāj)

• preta – departed spirit, ghost, dead person
  noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From pra-√i (to go forth)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: i (class 2)
• rāj – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the implied action in the simile.

द्रावयन् (drāvayan) - Describes Śrutakarmā's action on the enemy. (causing to flee, dispersing, putting to flight)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of drāvayat

drāvayat - causing to flee, dispersing, driving away

Causative Present Active Participle

Causative of √dru (to run).

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Śrutakarmā (implied subject).

इषुभिः (iṣubhiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of iṣu

iṣu - arrow

Note: Means of action for drāvayan.

तूर्णं (tūrṇaṁ) - swiftly, quickly

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

From √tvar (to hasten)

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Acts as an adverb modifying drāvayan.

श्रुतकर्मा (śrutakarmā) - One of the Pāṇḍavas' sons, known for his deeds. (Śrutakarmā (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrutakarman

śrutakarman - Śrutakarmā (proper name), one whose deeds are renowned

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śruta+karman)

• śruta – heard, renowned
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √śru
  Root: śru (class 1)
• karman – action, deed, work (karma)
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of vyarocata.

व्यरोचत (vyarocata) - he shone, he gleamed, he appeared splendid

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of vyarocata

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice. From root √ruc (to shine) with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: ruc (class 1)